RAPID: Adding Energetic Particle and Magnetic Field Measurements to a Russian University Satellite Mission

这是一项为期一年的努力，旨在开发和交付一个仪器包，该仪器包由通量门磁力计（FGM）、高能电子粒子探测器（EPDE）和高能离子质子探测器（EPDI）组成，该仪器包将搭载在即将发射的莫斯科州立大学（MSU）卫星罗蒙诺索夫号上。 这项合作的主要科学目标是更好地了解将高能粒子散射到大气中的机制。 该项目将提供对沉淀电子和离子的能谱的精确测量，这是以前的卫星任务尚未完成的。 罗蒙诺索夫号计划于2011年晚些时候发射到近地近极轨道，这是观测进入大气层的电子和离子的理想选择。 该项目的近地测量将补充现有和即将进行的飞行任务，如美国航天局辐射带风暴探测器使命对赤道附近捕获的辐射带粒子的测量。 这些测量将有助于量化主要的粒子加速和损失机制，这决定了辐射带的动态演变。 测量结果还将用于量化近地辐射环境全球预测模型的损失。 了解粒子向大气中的沉降率将有助于增进对球载仪器经常观测到的X射线爆发的了解，这种爆发被认为与相对论性电子沉降有关。在密歇根州立大学和加州大学洛杉矶分校的学生培训是该项目的一个重要方面。 加州大学洛杉矶分校的学生将参与制造，测试和校准的粒子和场包提供。 与密歇根州立大学的这种合作允许对新仪器和硬件进行飞行测试，预计这些仪器和硬件将对未来的NSF和NASA任务非常有益。

This is a one-year effort to develop and deliver an instrument package consisting of a Flux Gate Magnetometer (FGM), an Energetic Particle Detector for Electrons (EPDE), and an Energetic Proton Detector for Ions (EPDI), which will be flown on the upcoming Moscow State University (MSU) satellite Lomonosov. The main scientific objective of this collaboration is to better understand the mechanisms responsible for scattering energetic particles into the atmosphere. The project will provide accurate measurements of the energy spectrum of precipitating electrons and ions that have not yet been accomplished by previous satellite missions. Lomonosov is planned to launch in late 2011 into a low-Earth, near-polar orbit, which is ideal for observing electrons and ions precipitating into the atmosphere. The near-Earth measurements from the project will complement measurements of trapped radiation belt particles near the Equator from existing and upcoming missions, such as the NASA Radiation Belt Storms Probe mission. Together these measurements will help quantify the dominant particle acceleration and loss mechanisms, which determines the dynamical evolution of the radiation belts. The measurements will also be used to quantify losses for global predictive models of the near-Earth radiation environment. Knowledge of particle precipitation rates to the atmosphere will help advance the understanding of X-ray bursts frequently observed by balloon-borne instruments, which are thought to be associated with relativistic electron precipitation. Student training both at MSU and UCLA is an important aspect of the project. UCLA students will be involved in the fabrication, testing, and calibration of the particle and field package to be provided. This collaboration with MSU allows for an in-flight test on new instruments and hardware that are expected to be highly beneficial to future NSF and NASA missions.