Dynamical and Chemical Diagnosis of Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport 2008 (START08) Data

对流层空气的侵入可对温带下部平流层中具有辐射活性的微量气体浓度产生重大影响，从而对全球能量平衡产生重大影响。该项目将利用现场观测和模式模拟来分析热带高层对流层空气进入温带低平流层的输送。它将利用国家大气研究中心(NCAR)/国家科学基金会(NSF)湾流V号(GV)飞机在平流层-对流层区域传输分析2008(START08)现场计划期间收集的数据来研究对流层上层和平流层下层(UT/LS)的输送及其对大气成分的影响。这项研究将描述START08期间对流层入侵的组成、频率、位置和强度。应用的方法包括轨迹分析、痕量物种分析和多个痕量物种之间的关联，以确定源空气质量和混合特性。动力系统方法将被用来研究不可逆运输事件的详细结构并绘制它们的发生图。START08数据还将被用于评估NCAR全大气社区气候模式(WACCM)对化学和输送的模拟性能。这一研究将促进我们对UT/LS的动力、化学和辐射过程的科学理解，这将有可能改进人为气候变化的模式模拟。对START08数据的分析还将推动GV飞机作为高性能观测系统的发展。该项目还将通过培训研究生从事研究工作，并使本科生为将来的研究生学习或技术职业做好准备，促进科学人力资源的发展。

Intrusions of tropospheric air can have a significant effect on the concentrations of radiatively active trace gases in the extratropical lower stratosphere and thus on the global energy balance. This project will analyze the transport of tropical upper tropospheric air into the extratropical lower stratosphere using in situ observations and model simulations. It will use data collected by the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR)/National Science Foundation (NSF) Gulfstream V (GV) aircraft during the Stratosphere-Troposphere Analyses of Regional Transport 2008 (START08) field program to study transport in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS) and its impact on atmospheric composition. The research will characterize the composition, frequency, location, and magnitude of tropospheric intrusions during the START08 period. The methods to be applied include trajectory analysis, trace species analysis, and correlations between multiple trace species to establish source air mass and mixing properties. Dynamical systems methods will be used to study the detailed structure of irreversible transport events and map their occurrence. The START08 data will also be used to evaluate the performance of NCAR Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM) simulations of chemistry and transport.This research will advance our scientific understanding of dynamical, chemical, and radiative processes in the UT/LS, which has the potential to improve model simulations of anthropogenic climate change. Analysis of the START08 data will also advance the development of the GV aircraft as a high-capability observing system. This project will also contribute to the development of human resources in science by training graduate students for research careers and preparing undergraduate students for future graduate study or technical careers.