SHF: Small: Auxiliary Hardware/Software Mechanisms for Flexible Memory Access Control

SHF：小型：用于灵活内存访问控制的辅助硬件/软件机制

• 批准号: 1016902
• 负责人: Sandhya Dwarkadas
• 金额: $ 46万
• 依托单位: University of Rochester
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1016902&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SHF; Small; Auxiliary; Hardware; Software

The reliability, safety, and security of today's applications depend on controlled data accesses and updates during execution. For instance, many emerging applications are composed of multiple software modules. To protect these modules from each other within a single address space, inter-module operations need to be carefully monitored and controlled. Additionally, the reliability of online systems can benefit from live checking of memory access errors such as buffer overflows, memory leaks, and accesses to uninitialized data. Similarly, memory access monitoring can support information flow mtracking in a complex system for enhanced security.Available mechanisms in today's processors are tied to support for virtual memory, making implementation of access control both heavy weight and coarse grained. The proposed research will design and utilize new light-weight memory access control mechanisms that are independent of and subordinate to existing system memory protection. At the hardware level, this approach minimizes impact on the processor core by placing the access control mechanisms outside the common critical path. At the operating system level, the required support is largely outside of the kernel memory management functions, incurring overhead only when exercised. Such auxiliary mechanisms are more amenable to practical deployment, yet they are capable of supporting fine-grained and flexible memory protection. In conjunction with these hardware/software mechanisms, the research will devise a new protection model that can be manipulated either at user or privileged level based on an application's requirements. The flexible, efficient memory monitoring framework developed will enable debugging tools that can help detect memory access errors such as out-of-bound accesses, and help enforce data security or privacy policies in live systems. The proposed work will target a wide variety of applications and utilizations with a view to validating the goal of improved programmer productivity.

当今应用程序的可靠性、安全性和安全性取决于执行期间受控的数据访问和更新。 例如，许多新兴的应用程序由多个软件模块组成。为了在单个地址空间内保护这些模块不受彼此影响，需要仔细监视和控制模块间的操作。 此外，在线系统的可靠性可以受益于对存储器访问错误的实时检查，例如缓冲区溢出、存储器泄漏和对未初始化数据的访问。 类似地，存储器访问监视可以支持复杂系统中的信息流跟踪以增强安全性。当今处理器中的可用机制与对虚拟存储器的支持相关联，使得访问控制的实现既繁重又粗粒度。本研究将设计并利用新的轻量级内存访问控制机制，独立于并从属于现有的系统内存保护。 在硬件层面上，这种方法通过将访问控制机制置于公共关键路径之外来最大限度地减少对处理器核心的影响。在操作系统层面上，所需的支持主要在内核内存管理功能之外，只有在执行时才会产生开销。这种辅助机制更适合实际部署，但它们能够支持细粒度和灵活的内存保护。结合这些硬件/软件机制，该研究将设计一个新的保护模型，可以根据应用程序的要求在用户或特权级别进行操作。开发的灵活、高效的内存监控框架将启用调试工具，这些工具可以帮助检测内存访问错误（如越界访问），并帮助在实时系统中执行数据安全或隐私策略。 拟议的工作将针对各种各样的应用程序和利用，以验证提高程序员生产力的目标。