ETBC Collaborative Research: Soil thresholds and process domains: controls, distribution, and implications

ETBC 协作研究:土壤阈值和过程域:控制、分布和影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1019640
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 48万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2010-10-01 至 2014-09-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Soils differ substantially in fertility and hence in their suitability for intensive agriculture - especially traditional and low-input forms of intensive agriculture. Often soil fertility and the suite of soil properties and processes that are associated with it change abruptly in space, despite gradual and continuous changes in the factors that influence soil fertility (for example rainfall and soil age). This research models the causes and evaluates the consequences of abrupt changes in soils, and explores their implications for the functioning of terrestrial ecosystems under both natural and agricultural conditions. It builds on an extensive data base of soils from the Hawaiian Islands that includes large differences in the factors that control soils (for example rainfall from 200 mm/yr to 4000 mm/yr, soil age from a few hundred to several million years); this data base includes very clear examples of thresholds in soil properties and processes. In addition, it draws upon a detailed analysis of the distribution and dynamics of Hawaiian agriculture prior to European contact. The modeling effort will iterate between fundamental models of soil developmental processes and this detailed information, seeking to determine how much detail is necessary to model the development of abrupt changes in soils and the regions between them where soil properties are relatively consistent. It will test those models with newly collected soils information in and around pre-contact agricultural systems in Hawaii, and on soils formed from different types of rock in New Zealand.The project will provide fundamental information on the processes that underlie soil fertility, and how they shaped the distribution of intensive agricultural systems in the past (and could contribute to low-input systems today and in the future). Carrying out this research will require integrating information from ecology, soil science, hydrology, geochemistry, and anthropology; hence it will contribute to the conceptual and practical unification of disparate disciplines. It will support two post-doctoral fellows and several undergraduate students ? and those students and postdoctoral fellows will learn how to integrate a broad array of research fields. Finally, this project is closely aligned with ongoing efforts by Native Hawaiian organizations and institutions to understand and to restore the traditional pre-contact agricultural systems of Hawaii ? for educational and cultural purposes, and also to learn what those systems can contribute to present and future agricultural sustainability. This project will bring a scientific component to those efforts, and thus provide opportunities to teach and learn science that are integrated with the cultural and restoration efforts.
土壤肥力差异很大,因此适合集约农业,特别是传统和低投入形式的集约农业。尽管影响土壤肥力的因素(例如降雨量和土壤年龄)发生了逐渐和持续的变化,但土壤肥力以及与之相关的一系列土壤特性和过程往往在空间上突然发生变化。这项研究模拟了土壤突然变化的原因和后果,并探索了它们对自然和农业条件下陆地生态系统功能的影响。它建立在夏威夷群岛广泛的土壤数据库的基础上,其中包括控制土壤的因素的巨大差异(例如,降雨量从200毫米/年到4000毫米/年,土壤年龄从几百年到几百万年);这个数据库包括非常清楚的土壤特性和过程阈值的例子。此外,它还详细分析了在与欧洲接触之前夏威夷农业的分布和动态。建模工作将在土壤发育过程的基本模型和这些详细信息之间反复进行,试图确定需要多少细节来对土壤突变的发展和土壤性质相对一致的区域进行建模。它将用夏威夷接触前农业系统内和周围新收集的土壤信息以及新西兰不同类型岩石形成的土壤来测试这些模型。该项目将提供土壤肥力基础过程的基本信息,以及它们如何塑造过去集约农业系统的分布(并可能有助于今天和未来的低投入系统)。开展这项研究将需要整合来自生态学、土壤学、水文学、地球化学和人类学的信息;因此,它将有助于不同学科的概念和实践的统一。它将支持两名博士后研究员和几名本科生?这些学生和博士后研究员将学习如何整合广泛的研究领域。最后,该项目与夏威夷土著组织和机构正在进行的了解和恢复夏威夷传统的接触前农业系统的努力密切相关。用于教育和文化目的,并了解这些系统能为当前和未来的农业可持续性做出什么贡献。该项目将为这些努力带来科学成分,从而提供教授和学习与文化和修复工作相结合的科学的机会。

项目成果

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Oliver Chadwick其他文献

Vegetation control on nutrient availability and supply in high-elevation tropical Andean ecosystems
高海拔热带安第斯生态系统中植被控制对养分可用性和供应的影响
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    A. Molina;V. Vanacker;Oliver Chadwick;Santiago Zhiminaicela;M. Corre;E. Veldkamp
  • 通讯作者:
    E. Veldkamp
Response to: ‘Comment on: ‘Addressing post-operative Mask-Associated Dry Eye (MADE)”
回应:“评论:‘解决术后面罩相关干眼症 (MADE)’”
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2021
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.9
  • 作者:
    D. Lockington;Oliver Chadwick
  • 通讯作者:
    Oliver Chadwick
Vegetation patterns associated with nutrient availability and supply in high-elevation tropical Andean ecosystems
高海拔热带安第斯生态系统中与养分可用性和供应相关的植被格局
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.9
  • 作者:
    A. Molina;V. Vanacker;Oliver Chadwick;Santiago Zhiminaicela;M. Corre;E. Veldkamp
  • 通讯作者:
    E. Veldkamp

Oliver Chadwick的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Oliver Chadwick', 18)}}的其他基金

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Ecological Controls on Biogenic Silica in Grasslands - The Role of Long-term Fire and Grazing History on Two Continents
合作研究:草原生物二氧化硅的生态控制——两大洲长期火灾和放牧历史的作用
  • 批准号:
    0743026
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Disturbance, Succession, and Nutrient Availability: Patterns, Mechanisms, Interactions
合作研究:干扰、演替和养分可用性:模式、机制、相互作用
  • 批准号:
    0717382
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
CNH: Collaborative Research: Pre-Contact Intensive Agriculture and Society in Kohala, Hawai'i
CNH:合作研究:夏威夷科哈拉的接触前集约化农业与社会
  • 批准号:
    0708223
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
HSD: Collaborative Proposal: Long-Term Dynamics of Population Growth, Agricultual Intensification, and Sociopolitical Change: Hawai'i as a Model System
HSD:协作提案:人口增长、农业集约化和社会政治变革的长期动态:夏威夷作为模型系统
  • 批准号:
    0624095
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Si Isotope Fractionation During Rock Weathering and Pedogenesis
岩石风化和成土过程中的硅同位素分馏
  • 批准号:
    0418730
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing grant
Collaborative Research: Ge/Si as a Tracer of Terrestrial Si Cycling
合作研究:Ge/Si 作为陆地硅循环的示踪剂
  • 批准号:
    0207485
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing grant
Collaborative Research: The Role of Wind Erosion in Ecosystem Change in Desert Grasslands
合作研究:风蚀在荒漠草原生态系统变化中的作用
  • 批准号:
    0315260
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Coordinated TIMS U-Series Dating and Paloenvironmental Interpretations of Pedogenic Carbonates
合作研究:成土碳酸盐的协调 TIMS U 系列测年和古环境解释
  • 批准号:
    0207486
  • 财政年份:
    2002
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Sources and Fates of Ecosystem Nutrients Across the Hawaiian Islands
合作研究:夏威夷群岛生态系统养分的来源和归宿
  • 批准号:
    9807631
  • 财政年份:
    1998
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Dating Quaternary Deposits and Soils with TIMS U-Series on Pedogenic Carbonate and Silica
合作研究:利用 TIMS U 系列对成土碳酸盐和二氧化硅测定第四纪沉积物和土壤
  • 批准号:
    9725836
  • 财政年份:
    1997
  • 资助金额:
    $ 48万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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