Evolutionary and Developmental Mechanisms of Embryo Dormancy in Rice

水稻胚休眠的进化与发育机制

• 批准号: 1021382
• 负责人: Xing-You Gu
• 金额: $ 48.77万
• 依托单位: South Dakota State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1021382&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Evolutionary; Developmental; Mechanisms; Embryo; Dormancy

Name: Xing-You GuProposal number: IOS-1021382Title of the proposal: Evolutionary and developmental mechanisms of embryo dormancy in rice Domestication of cereal crops from wild relatives has reduced seed dormancy, which can be imposed by inherent constraints within the embryo (embryo dormancy) or by restrictive tissues covering the embryo (coat-imposed dormancy). A small region of the genome designated as qSD12 has been isolated from weedy rice and is known to contain one or more genes that control embryo dormancy. Map-based cloning has identified two candidate genes for qSD12. The project aims to determine the function, origin, differentiation, and distribution of the candidates and to identify qSD12 downstream gene networks that regulate the development of embryo dormancy in the rice model system. Isogenic lines for the candidate genes and several approaches, such as complementation, haplotype, and transcriptomic analyses, will be used to achieve these objectives. The project is expected to assign one or two of the candidate genes to the function of embryo dormancy, reveal whether the dormancy gene(s) differentiated before or after the rice domestication, whether cultivated rice species and subspecies originated from different functional mutations, and provide direct knowledge of molecular and physiological pathways through which the naturally occurring gene regulates embryo dormancy. The broader impacts of the project include: 1) practical training for graduate, undergraduate, and high school students and teachers in biology and agricultural programs; and 2) interdisciplinary collaborations to use the dormancy gene for breeding varieties resistant to pre-harvest sprouting and to test the hypothesis that orthologous genes regulate dormancy and germination in other grasses.

提案号：ios -1021382提案标题：水稻胚胎休眠的进化和发育机制谷类作物从野生近缘驯化减少了种子休眠，这可能是由于胚胎内部的内在约束（胚胎休眠）或覆盖在胚胎上的限制性组织（被盖休眠）造成的。基因组中一个被称为qSD12的小区域已经从杂草水稻中分离出来，已知它包含一个或多个控制胚胎休眠的基因。基于图谱的克隆已经确定了qSD12的两个候选基因。该项目旨在确定候选基因的功能、起源、分化和分布，并确定水稻模型系统中调控胚胎休眠发育的qSD12下游基因网络。候选基因的等基因系和几种方法，如互补、单倍型和转录组分析，将用于实现这些目标。该项目预计将确定一个或两个候选基因的胚胎休眠功能，揭示休眠基因是在水稻驯化之前还是之后分化的，栽培水稻物种和亚种是否起源于不同的功能突变，并提供直接的分子和生理途径，通过自然发生的基因调节胚胎休眠。该项目更广泛的影响包括：1)对研究生、本科生和高中学生和教师进行生物和农业专业的实践培训；2)跨学科合作，利用休眠基因培育抗收获前发芽的品种，并验证同源基因调节其他禾本科植物的休眠和发芽的假设。