Videotaping interrogations: Effects on police, suspects, and juries

在涉及虚假供词的DNA无罪释放之后，一些社会科学家建议采取一项政策，对整个审讯进行电子记录。多年来，许多执法专业人士都接受了这种做法。然而，其他人表达了对警察、嫌疑人、法官和陪审团的不利影响的担忧。尽管这个问题很重要，但关于这个问题的唯一研究包括对录下审讯录音的警察进行采访的自我报告数据。总体而言，这些访谈表明，警察自我报告的满意度很高。然而，这些数据受到缺乏实际影响的客观测量的限制。本研究借鉴自我意识、责任感和社会知觉的社会心理学理论，并在实验室和现场环境中采用多种方法，提出了四个关于记录讯问的推定影响的社会行为问题。其目的是解决四个关键的行为问题：(1)视频记录揭示了警方审讯报告记忆中的准确性，这些磁带可以用来提高其准确性吗？(2)视频记录是否会改变调查人员在审讯期间的行为？(3)审讯视频记录是否会影响嫌疑人，例如，抑制他们放弃米兰达权利、与警方交谈和提供证词的程度？(4)在含有供词证据的案件中，接触审讯磁带和警方报告是否会增加事实调查的准确性或对陪审员产生偏见？鉴于拟议研究具有积极的政策相关性，希望所取得的成果将产生一系列广泛的影响，为及时提出的问题提供经验性答案，推动在刑事司法系统中使用科学，并为法律和社会科学的其他领域树立科学家/从业人员协作先例。

In the wake of DNA exonerations involving false confessions, a number of social scientists have recommended a policy of electronically recording entire interrogations. Over the years, many law enforcement professionals have embraced the practice. Yet others have expressed a concern about adverse effects on police, suspects, judges, and juries. Despite the importance of the issue, the only research on the subject consists of self-report data from interviews of police who have taped interrogations. In general, these interviews have shown that police self-report high levels of satisfaction. However, these data are limited by the absence of objective measures of actual impact.Drawing on social psychological theories of self awareness, accountability, and social perception, and employing a multi-method approach in both laboratory and field settings, the proposed research will address four social-behavioral questions concerning the presumed impact of recording interrogations. The objective is to address four key behavioral questions: (1) What does video recording reveal about the memorial accuracy of police reports of interrogations and can the tapes be used to increase their accuracy? (2) Does video recording alter the behavior of investigators during interrogation? (3) Does the video recording of interrogations affect suspects, for example, inhibiting the extent to which they waive Miranda rights, talk to police, and provide a statement? (4) Does exposure to interrogation tapes and police reports informed by these tapes increase fact-finding accuracy or bias jurors in cases containing confession evidence? In light of the active policy relevance of the proposed studies, it is hoped that the results obtained will have a range of broad impacts by providing empirical answers to timely questions, advancing the use of science in the criminal justice system, and modeling a scientist/practitioner collaborative precedent for other areas of law and social science.