The molecular mechanisms by which genes alter development when moved between closely related species

当基因在密切相关的物种之间移动时改变发育的分子机制

• 批准号: 1021930
• 负责人: David Baum
• 金额: $ 13.55万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1021930&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: molecular; mechanisms; genes; alter; development

PI: David A. Baum IOS-1021930The molecular mechanisms by which genes alter development when moved between closely related species Available methods for isolating genes that cause closely related species to differ are limited by depending on the prior identification of candidate genes or on being able to hybridize the species and then isolate the causal differences. As a result, scientists are making slow progress towards the aim of identifying species-difference genes. This project is developing a new approach, transgenomics, which exploits the ease with which genes can now be moved between certain plant species. The project tests the effects of genomic fragments from Leavenworthia alabamica when introduced into Arabidopsis thaliana by transformation. These two species have many visible differences, yet are closely related. In prior work, more than 1200 A. thaliana transgenic lines were created that each contain a randomly selected fragment of DNA from L. alabamica. These were visually screened to identify DNA fragments that consistently alter plant form. For some cases where the transgenic plants resemble L. alabamica, the causal DNA sequences will be determined by testing subfragments for an ability to alter plant form. Additionally, the project will attempt to perfect the transgenomic strategy so that future experiments can proceed more efficiently with the aim of ultimately being able to screen an entire genome from a donor species in a recipient species' genetic background so as to identify genes that contributed to the differences between the donor and recipient. This work has the potential to rapidly advance our ability to determine which genes cause which traits and thereby to guide targeted efforts to design crop species with desirable agronomic features. In addition, this project will provide training to undergraduate students, a postdoctoral fellow, and a graduate student from a group underrepresented in science.

PI：大卫A. Baum IOS-1021930基因在近缘物种之间移动时改变发育的分子机制分离导致近缘物种差异的基因的可用方法受到候选基因的先前鉴定或能够杂交物种然后分离因果差异的限制。 因此，科学家们在识别物种差异基因的目标上进展缓慢。 该项目正在开发一种新的方法，即转基因组学，它利用了基因现在可以在某些植物物种之间转移的便利性。 该项目测试了通过转化将来自Leavenalabamica的基因组片段引入拟南芥时的效果。这两个物种有许多明显的差异，但密切相关。 在以前的工作中，超过1200 A。建立了拟南芥转基因系，每个转基因系含有随机选择的来自L.阿拉巴马州 这些都是视觉筛选，以确定DNA片段，一贯改变植物形态。 对于转基因植株类似L. alabamica，致病DNA序列将通过测试亚片段改变植物形态的能力来确定。此外，该项目将试图完善转基因策略，以便未来的实验能够更有效地进行，目的是最终能够在受体物种的遗传背景中筛选供体物种的整个基因组，以确定导致供体和受体之间差异的基因。 这项工作有可能迅速提高我们确定哪些基因导致哪些性状的能力，从而指导有针对性的努力设计具有理想农艺性状的作物品种。 此外，该项目还将为本科生、一名博士后研究员和一名来自科学领域代表性不足的研究生提供培训。