Collaborative Research: Aerosol concentrations, sources, and transport pathways within the Arctic polar dome during recent millennia

气溶胶在气候强迫中的作用很重要，但人们对其了解甚少。该项目的主要目标是：(1)开发独特的高时间分辨率，千年尺度的生物质燃烧，灰尘，火山，工业污染，(2)利用新的和杠杆化的大气环流模式（GCM）和其他模型来解释这些和来自极穹外的类似冰芯记录，以更好地了解气溶胶到北极不同地区的来源区域和运输途径及其气候和环境影响。测量35元素和化学成分的气溶胶高深度分辨率将每年测量(50)归档的冰核的两个低海拔网站的两侧北极:430核心收集的哥本哈根大学从2006年弗拉德Isblink东北格陵兰冰帽和阿尔弗雷德韦格纳研究所收集的724核心研究从Akademii (AWI)在1999年至2001年在俄罗斯北极冰帽。这些测量结果建立在最近发表的对较浅冰芯的类似分析的发现之上。Flade Isblink将提供北冰洋北大西洋部分对流层下层3500年的气溶胶记录——该地区对北极海冰的变化特别敏感——而Akademii Nauk将提供欧亚大陆北部过去3000年的气溶胶记录，以及来自东亚的尘埃和污染物。通过将仪器记录扩展到最近几个世纪和几千年，新一代冰芯记录与模式模拟相结合，将改变对半球大气环流近期和晚期变化的理解，通过极地锋的气溶胶输送，以及气候和气溶胶之间的反馈。

The role of aerosols in climate forcing is significant but poorly understood. The primary goals of this project are to (1) develop unique high-time-resolution, millennial-scale records of biomass burning, dust, volcanic, industrial pollution, and sea salt aerosols for two ice core sites inside the Arctic polar dome and (2) use new and leveraged general circulation models (GCM) and other modeling to interpret these and similar ice core records from outside the polar dome to better understand source regions and transport pathways of aerosols to different regions of the Arctic and their climatic and environmental impacts. Measurements of 35 elemental and chemical components of these aerosols will be made at high depth resolution (50 measurements per year) in archived ice cores from two lower elevation sites on opposite sides of the Arctic: a 430 m core collected by the University of Copenhagen in 2006 from Flade Isblink ice cap in far northeastern Greenland and a 724 m core collected by the Alfred Wegener Institute (AWI) in 1999 to 2001 from Akademii Nauk ice cap in the Russian Arctic. The measurements build on recently published findings from similar analyses in shallower ice cores. Flade Isblink will provide a 3500 year record of aerosols in the lower troposphere in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic Ocean -- a region particularly sensitive to changes in Arctic sea ice -- while Akademii Nauk will provide a 3000 year record of past aerosols in northern Eurasia, as well as dust and pollutants from eastern Asia. By extending instrumental records to recent centuries and millennia, this new generation of ice core records, coupled with model simulations, will transform understanding of recent and late Holocene changes in hemispheric atmospheric circulation, aerosol transport across the polar front, and feedbacks between climate and aerosols.