Crossing Borders: The Fenians and the Transatlantic Crisis over Citizenship

跨越国界：芬尼亚人和跨大西洋公民身份危机

• 批准号: 1023836
• 负责人: Lucy Salyer
• 金额: $ 5.37万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-15 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1023836&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Crossing; Borders; Fenians; Transatlantic; Crisis

Crossing Borders: The Fenians and the Transatlantic Crisis over CitizenshipThis study investigates a major shift in citizenship policy in the mid-nineteenth century: for the first time, the United States, England and several other countries explicitly recognized the right of expatriation, that is, the individual?s right to give up his citizenship and pledge allegiance to a new sovereign. Scholars tend to consider the state?s use of immigration and citizenship laws to govern entrance to the country and admission as citizens. This study argues that ?rules of exit? ? laws that regulated the right to leave a country and to renounce one?s native allegiance ? were just as important as immigration laws in deploying state strategies for managing populations, forging national identities, and building modern nation states. The expatriation crisis of the 19th century ushered in modern conceptions of citizenship which privileged the will of the individual in choosing to leave and swear allegiance to the sovereign of one?s choice. In explaining the factors which thrust expatriation onto the agenda of national and international policymakers, the study focuses on the role of transnational political actors, particularly Irish American nationalists and international law experts, who, despite their unofficial status, proved to be catalysts in securing domestic legislation and international treaties on expatriation. While the work is primarily historical in its method, the author also draws upon the rich social scientific literature on the mobilization of law, legal consciousness, and migration and sovereignty studies.The research highlights the development of many modern concepts in immigration policy-making and the historical role of non-governmental organizations in developing these concepts. Many of the ideas unleashed by the expatriation crisis of the 1860s continue to inform and shape current controversies around immigration policy.

跨界：芬尼亚人与跨大西洋公民危机本研究调查了世纪中期公民政策的一个重大转变：美国、英国和其他几个国家第一次明确承认侨民的权利，也就是个人？他有权放弃公民身份，宣誓效忠新的君主。 学者们倾向于考虑国家？美国使用移民法和公民法来管理进入美国和作为公民的入境。 这项研究认为，？退出规则？?规定离开一个国家和放弃一个国家的权利的法律？原住民的忠诚？与移民法一样重要的是部署国家战略，管理人口，塑造民族身份，建立现代民族国家。 19世纪的流亡危机带来了现代公民权的概念，这种概念赋予个人选择离开并宣誓效忠一国主权的意愿以特权。的选择。在解释将离国问题推到国家和国际决策者议程上的因素时，研究报告着重于跨国政治行为者的作用，特别是美籍爱尔兰民族主义者和国际法专家，他们尽管具有非官方身份，但在确保关于离国问题的国内立法和国际条约方面发挥了催化作用。虽然这项工作主要是历史的方法，作者也借鉴了丰富的社会科学文献动员的法律，法律的意识，移民和主权的研究，研究突出了许多现代概念的发展，在移民政策制定和历史作用的非政府组织在发展这些概念。19世纪60年代的移民危机所释放出的许多思想继续影响和塑造着当前围绕移民政策的争议。