Integrated System and Component Reliability in Seismic Collapse Safety of Structures

最近在非线性计算机建模、地震危害分析和基于性能的工程方面取得的进展使在大地震和其他灾害下对建筑物倒塌进行更好的科学评估成为可能。然而，虽然现有的方法在描述建筑物的平均响应方面做得很好，但它们缺乏评估性能如何受到建筑材料、设计和施工质量保证的固有变异性的影响的解决方案。本项目旨在通过开发和应用新的方法和数据来解决这一限制，将建模不确定性纳入计算方法，以模拟建筑物，桥梁和其他结构的结构倒塌。该项目包括三个主要任务：(1)通过收集公开的测试数据和其他支持信息和案例历史，开发材料、设计和质量保证方面的可变性统计数据；(2)开发新的策略，将建模不确定性有效地纳入非线性动态仿真方法；(3)实施和实践新方法来评估一组原型建筑结构的倒塌安全性。由此产生的方法将在量化倒塌风险和了解影响建筑物倒塌安全的因素方面取得根本性的进展。通过开发准确评估影响建筑物倒塌安全因素的方法，本研究将使建筑规范、设计和施工实践得以改进，从而产生更经济、更安全的建筑物。研究成果还将推动基于性能的设计方法的发展，促进创新建筑技术的更快发展和采用。为了方便技术转移给其他研究人员和工程专业人员，这些项目将在一个在线网站上发布开源软件和数据。该研究将涉及并为两名研究生博士研究生和本科生助理提供研究培训。

Recent advancements in nonlinear computer modeling, seismic hazard analysis, and performance-based engineering are enabling better scientific assessment of building collapse under large earthquakes and other hazards. However, while existing methods do a reasonable job at characterizing the average response of buildings, they lack the resolution to evaluate how the performance is affected by inherent variability in building materials, design and construction quality assurance. This project aims to address this limitation by developing and applying new methods and data to incorporate modeling uncertainties into computational methods to simulate the structural collapse of buildings, bridges and other structures. The project entails three main tasks: (1) developing statistics on the variability in materials, design and quality assurance by collecting published test data and other supporting information and case histories, (2) developing new strategies to efficiently incorporate modeling uncertainties into nonlinear dynamic simulation methods, and (3) to implement and exercise the new approach to assess the collapse safety of a set of archetype building structures. The resulting methods will lead to fundamental advancements in quantifying collapse risk and understanding of factors that affect collapse safety of buildings. By developing methods to accurately evaluate factors that affect building collapse safety, this research will enable improvements to building codes and design and construction practices that will lead to more economical and safe buildings. The research products will also advance the state-of-art in performance based design methods that facilitate more rapid development and adoption of innovative new building technologies. To facilitate technology transfer to other researchers and engineering professionals, the PIs will publish open-source software and data to an on-line web site. The research will involve and provide research training for two graduate doctoral students and undergraduate student assistants.