RAPID: Supporting Haitian Infrastructure Reconstruction Decisions with Local Knowledge

RAPID：利用当地知识支持海地基础设施重建决策

• 批准号: 1032184
• 负责人: Franco Montalto
• 金额: $ 19.99万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-15 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1032184&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Supporting; Haitian; Infrastructure; Reconstruction

In the wake of the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti, the objective of this RAPID proposal is to test the hypothesis that infrastructure rehabilitation priorities based on local knowledge elicited through stakeholder driven processes will differ fundamentally from those developed by technical experts based outside the impacted area. In the recent literature, Easterly (2007), for example, contrasts the "planner's" approach to development aid with that of the "searcher." While "planners" make decisions about how to apply development aid assuming that they already know the answers, "searchers" admit not knowing the answer up front, and exert much effort to seek innovative solutions based on a detailed assessment of local opportunities and constraints based on close interaction with local population. To test the hypothesis, the research will focus on water and sanitation issues in Leogane, a town of approximately 40,000 people located about 30 km to the west of the capital and very near the quake's epicenter. The findings are anticipated to have implications on many imminent decisions regarding Haitian reconstruction efforts as well as for the development of new multifunctional infrastructure strategies throughout the world. The co-PIs include a social scientist who is an expert in Haitian culture, politics, and history. The other three PI/co-PIs are engineers who are expert in water infrastructure. All have international experience in developing countries, and all have French language skills. Two consultants on the team are Haitian nationals and Leogane natives with intimate knowledge of the City and fluency in Kreyol. The effort integrates education and outreach into the research plan, and will contribute critical information to the Haitian reconstruction effort. Participants in a local Leogane Stakeholder Committee will partake in cross-cutting discussions about key infrastructure issues, which will enable them to more actively participate in local infrastructure decision making. Two Drexel graduate students will incorporate the results of the field findings and elicitation exercises into their thesis work. The results of the research will be disseminated at an upcoming special NSF sponsored workshop on Haiti, and will be presented at conferences and submitted for publication in peer reviewed journals. In addition, arrangements have been made for liaison with USAID and CDC. Results will be used to create new Engineers Without Borders (EWB) projects.This award is urgent because of the rapid pace at which decisions about how to invest hundreds of millions of dollars of post quake development Haiti aid are being made. IRB review and approval has been received for this award. The proposing team has made specific arrangements for transportation, housing, food, and water in Haiti.This award is co-funded by NSF's Office of International Science and Engineering, Americas Program.Bruce Hamilton3/11/10

在2010年1月12日海地地震之后，本RAPID提案的目的是检验以下假设：通过利益相关者驱动的过程，基于当地知识的基础设施恢复优先事项将与受影响地区以外的技术专家制定的优先事项有根本的不同。 例如，在最近的文献中，Easterly（2007）将“计划者”的发展援助方法与“计划者”的发展援助方法进行了对比。“虽然“规划者”假定他们已经知道答案，就如何应用发展援助作出决定，但“探索者”承认事先不知道答案，并在与当地居民密切互动的基础上，根据对当地机会和制约因素的详细评估，作出很大努力，寻求创新的解决办法。 为了验证这一假设，研究将集中在Leogane的水和卫生问题上，Leogane是一个约有40，000人的城镇，位于首都以西约30公里处，非常靠近震中。 预计调查结果将对许多即将作出的有关海地重建工作的决定以及对在世界各地制定新的多功能基础设施战略产生影响。 联合PI包括一位社会科学家，他是海地文化，政治和历史方面的专家。其他三名PI/co-PI是水利基础设施方面的专家。他们都有在发展中国家的国际经验，都有法语技能。 团队中的两名顾问是海地国民和Leogane本地人，他们对城市有着深入的了解，并精通Kreyol。 这项工作将教育和外联纳入研究计划，并将为海地重建工作提供重要信息。 当地Leogane利益攸关方委员会的参与者将参与关于关键基础设施问题的跨领域讨论，这将使他们能够更积极地参与当地基础设施决策。 两名德雷克塞尔大学的研究生将把实地调查结果和启发式练习的结果纳入他们的论文工作。 研究结果将在即将举行的国家科学基金会赞助的海地特别研讨会上传播，并将在会议上提出，并提交同行评审期刊发表。 此外，还作出了与美援署和疾病防治中心联络的安排。 结果将用于创建新的工程师无国界（EWB）项目。这个奖项是紧迫的，因为有关如何投资数亿美元的震后海地发展援助的决定正在迅速作出。 该奖项已收到IRB审查和批准。 该提案小组已经作出了具体的安排，交通，住房，食品，和水在海地.这个奖项是由美国国家科学基金会的国际科学和工程办公室，美洲计划共同资助.布鲁斯汉密尔顿3/11/10