CAREER: Integrated Assessments of the Impacts of Decentralized Land Use and Water Management Practices in Urban Ecosystems

职业：城市生态系统中分散土地利用和水资源管理实践影响的综合评估

• 批准号: 1150994
• 负责人: Franco Montalto
• 金额: $ 41万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1150994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Integrated; Assessments; Impacts; Decentralized

1150994(Montalto) This project will advance knowledge about poorly understood hydrologic processes that occur on vegetated and impervious land parcels in dense urban environments, and their relationship to ecosystem services. Special attention is paid to the watershed-scale implications of deliberate micro-scale redirections of water in ultra-urban settings, e.g. green infrastructure (GI) projects. The research makes use of existing sensors in GI monitoring sites that the PI has assembled with other resources, but which are not currently integrated into a network. A new relational database will link this collection of sites and sensors and support complex and highly specific data retrieval queries, with significantly more sites and sensors to be made available by project collaborators. The results of these queries will advance knowledge about the hydrologic outcomes that can be expected from different GI treatments implemented in different contexts. The database will enable efficient longitudinal (e.g. between sites), and/or vertical (e.g. between sensors) discoveries regarding the hydrologic performance of GI. Without this database, such queries would be nearly impossible to perform efficiently. Because the GI systems included in the database receive runoff from different sized source areas, the database will also facilitate potentially transformative investigations into the effects of scale on urban hydrology. Agent models will provide simulation platforms within which to explore the relative importance of different hydrologic, climatological, and social uncertainties in predicting emergent watershed-scale ecosystem services, in different urban neighborhoods. With "hydrologic response rules" derived directly from data stored in the relational database, the models will enhance ability to accurately depict urban scale hydrologic fluxes under different innovative management regimes. Community members will be actively involved in the agent-model building process. The research will yield findings relevant to technical practitioners (engineers, urban designers, water utility representatives), natural scientists (ecologists, hydrologists, biologists,) as well as to planners (community groups, municipal sustainability directors), and a range of interdisciplinary academic researchers. The research is structured to provide opportunities for the participation of a diverse set of undergraduate and graduate students, community members, and government and non-profit partners. The Citizen Science program, recruiting at least 50% from demographic groups traditionally underrepresented in science, will engage residents of five study neighborhoods in data collection activities, and is intended to become a model for two-way learning between university researchers and the urban community. A Sustainable Water Resource Engineering (SWRE) Field Training (FT) Program will provide a forum for encouraging the participation of undergraduate students in research. The FT projects will be used to create a database of innovative water projects and SWRE teaching modules which will be available to the public on the PI?s institutional website. New urban ecohydrologic data sets will be streamed in real-time to a Drexel server that will be linked to the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Service through web-services. This new infrastructure will make the data assembled and organized as part of this project accessible to the larger hydrologic research community. Semi-annual meetings with a Scientific Advisory Committee will ensure dissemination of the research findings. Collaborations have also been forged with a) the USEPA-NRML offices in Edison, NJ, taking advantage of a recently signed MOU between EPA and NSF, and b) the Baltimore Ecosystem Study, one of one of two urban nodes in NSF?s Long-Term Ecological Research network. Through the project, the PI will also continue collaborating with researchers from Columbia University, with whom he is already working as part of the NOAA-funded Consortium on Climate Risks in the Urban Northeast.

1150994(蒙塔尔托)该项目将增进对密集城市环境中植被覆盖和不透水的地块上发生的鲜为人知的水文过程及其与生态系统服务的关系的了解。特别注意在极端城市环境中故意对水进行微尺度改道的分水岭影响，例如绿色基础设施项目。这项研究利用了胃肠道监测点的现有传感器，这些传感器是PI与其他资源组装在一起的，但目前尚未整合到网络中。一个新的关系数据库将连接这些站点和传感器的集合，并支持复杂和高度特定的数据检索查询，项目合作者将提供更多的站点和传感器。这些查询的结果将促进对在不同情况下实施的不同GI治疗所预期的水文结果的了解。该数据库将能够有效地纵向(例如站点之间)和/或垂直(例如传感器之间)发现地理信息系统的水文性能。如果没有这个数据库，这样的查询几乎不可能有效地执行。由于数据库中包含的地理信息系统从不同大小的源区接收径流，该数据库还将有助于对尺度对城市水文的影响进行潜在的变革性调查。代理人模型将提供模拟平台，在其中探索不同水文、气候和社会不确定性在预测不同城市社区的紧急分水岭规模生态系统服务中的相对重要性。通过直接从存储在关系数据库中的数据得出“水文响应规则”，这些模型将增强在不同创新管理制度下准确描述城市尺度水文通量的能力。社区成员将积极参与代理-模型构建过程。这项研究将产生与技术从业者(工程师、城市设计师、自来水公司代表)、自然科学家(生态学家、水文学家、生物学家)以及规划者(社区团体、市政可持续发展主任)和一系列跨学科学术研究人员有关的研究成果。这项研究旨在为一系列不同的本科生和研究生、社区成员以及政府和非营利性合作伙伴提供参与机会。公民科学计划从传统上在科学领域代表性较低的人口群体中招募至少50%的人，将吸引五个研究社区的居民参与数据收集活动，旨在成为大学研究人员和城市社区之间双向学习的典范。可持续水资源工程(SWRE)实地培训(FT)计划将为鼓励本科生参与研究提供一个论坛。英国《金融时报》的项目将被用来创建一个创新的水项目和SWRE教学模块的数据库，并将在皮耶克？S学院的网站上向公众开放。新的城市生态水文数据集将实时传输到Drexel服务器，该服务器将通过网络服务与CUAHSI水文信息服务相链接。这一新的基础设施将使更大的水文研究界能够获得作为该项目的一部分而汇编和组织的数据。与科学咨询委员会举行的半年度会议将确保研究成果的传播。我们还与a)美国环保局和美国自然资源保护联盟在新泽西州爱迪生的办事处建立了合作关系，利用美国环保局和美国国家科学基金会最近签署的谅解备忘录，以及b)巴尔的摩生态系统研究，这是美国国家科学基金会-S长期生态研究网络的两个城市节点之一。通过该项目，PI还将继续与哥伦比亚大学的研究人员合作，他已经作为NOAA资助的东北城市气候风险联盟的一部分与他们合作。