CAREER: Integrated Assessments of the Impacts of Decentralized Land Use and Water Management Practices in Urban Ecosystems

职业：城市生态系统中分散土地利用和水资源管理实践影响的综合评估

• 批准号: 1150994
• 负责人: Franco Montalto
• 金额: $ 41万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1150994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Integrated; Assessments; Impacts; Decentralized

1150994(Montalto) This project will advance knowledge about poorly understood hydrologic processes that occur on vegetated and impervious land parcels in dense urban environments, and their relationship to ecosystem services. Special attention is paid to the watershed-scale implications of deliberate micro-scale redirections of water in ultra-urban settings, e.g. green infrastructure (GI) projects. The research makes use of existing sensors in GI monitoring sites that the PI has assembled with other resources, but which are not currently integrated into a network. A new relational database will link this collection of sites and sensors and support complex and highly specific data retrieval queries, with significantly more sites and sensors to be made available by project collaborators. The results of these queries will advance knowledge about the hydrologic outcomes that can be expected from different GI treatments implemented in different contexts. The database will enable efficient longitudinal (e.g. between sites), and/or vertical (e.g. between sensors) discoveries regarding the hydrologic performance of GI. Without this database, such queries would be nearly impossible to perform efficiently. Because the GI systems included in the database receive runoff from different sized source areas, the database will also facilitate potentially transformative investigations into the effects of scale on urban hydrology. Agent models will provide simulation platforms within which to explore the relative importance of different hydrologic, climatological, and social uncertainties in predicting emergent watershed-scale ecosystem services, in different urban neighborhoods. With "hydrologic response rules" derived directly from data stored in the relational database, the models will enhance ability to accurately depict urban scale hydrologic fluxes under different innovative management regimes. Community members will be actively involved in the agent-model building process. The research will yield findings relevant to technical practitioners (engineers, urban designers, water utility representatives), natural scientists (ecologists, hydrologists, biologists,) as well as to planners (community groups, municipal sustainability directors), and a range of interdisciplinary academic researchers. The research is structured to provide opportunities for the participation of a diverse set of undergraduate and graduate students, community members, and government and non-profit partners. The Citizen Science program, recruiting at least 50% from demographic groups traditionally underrepresented in science, will engage residents of five study neighborhoods in data collection activities, and is intended to become a model for two-way learning between university researchers and the urban community. A Sustainable Water Resource Engineering (SWRE) Field Training (FT) Program will provide a forum for encouraging the participation of undergraduate students in research. The FT projects will be used to create a database of innovative water projects and SWRE teaching modules which will be available to the public on the PI?s institutional website. New urban ecohydrologic data sets will be streamed in real-time to a Drexel server that will be linked to the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Service through web-services. This new infrastructure will make the data assembled and organized as part of this project accessible to the larger hydrologic research community. Semi-annual meetings with a Scientific Advisory Committee will ensure dissemination of the research findings. Collaborations have also been forged with a) the USEPA-NRML offices in Edison, NJ, taking advantage of a recently signed MOU between EPA and NSF, and b) the Baltimore Ecosystem Study, one of one of two urban nodes in NSF?s Long-Term Ecological Research network. Through the project, the PI will also continue collaborating with researchers from Columbia University, with whom he is already working as part of the NOAA-funded Consortium on Climate Risks in the Urban Northeast.

1150994（Montalto）该项目将推进对密集城市环境中植被覆盖和不透水地块上发生的水文过程及其与生态系统服务的关系知之甚少。特别注意的是流域规模的影响，故意微规模的水在超城市环境，如绿色基础设施（GI）项目的改道。该研究利用了PI与其他资源组装的GI监测站点中现有的传感器，但这些传感器目前尚未集成到网络中。一个新的关系数据库将连接这些站点和传感器，并支持复杂和高度具体的数据检索查询，项目合作者将提供更多的站点和传感器。这些查询的结果将推进有关水文结果的知识，这些水文结果可以从在不同背景下实施的不同GI处理中得到预期。该数据库将实现关于GI水文性能的有效纵向（例如，站点之间）和/或垂直（例如，传感器之间）发现。如果没有这个数据库，这样的查询几乎不可能有效地执行。由于数据库中包含的GI系统接收来自不同大小的源区的径流，该数据库还将促进对城市水文尺度影响的潜在变革性调查。 代理模型将提供模拟平台，在其中探索不同的水文，气候和社会的不确定性在预测紧急流域尺度的生态系统服务，在不同的城市街区的相对重要性。通过直接从关系数据库中存储的数据导出“水文响应规则”，模型将提高准确描述不同创新管理制度下城市尺度水文通量的能力。 社区成员将积极参与代理模型的构建过程。 该研究将产生与技术从业者（工程师，城市设计师，水务代表），自然科学家（生态学家，水文学家，生物学家）以及规划师（社区团体，市政可持续发展主任）和一系列跨学科学术研究人员相关的结果。 该研究的结构是为不同的本科生和研究生，社区成员，政府和非营利合作伙伴的参与提供机会。公民科学计划，从传统上在科学中代表性不足的人口群体中招募至少50%，将使五个研究社区的居民参与数据收集活动，并旨在成为大学研究人员和城市社区之间双向学习的模式。可持续水资源工程（SWRE）实地培训（FT）计划将提供一个论坛，鼓励本科生参与研究。FT项目将用于创建创新水项目和SWRE教学模块的数据库，这些数据库将在PI？的机构网站。新的城市生态水文数据集将实时传输到德雷克塞尔服务器，该服务器将通过网络服务与CUAHSI水文信息服务相连。这一新的基础设施将使数据的收集和组织，作为该项目的一部分，更大的水文研究界。与科学咨询委员会每半年举行一次会议，将确保传播研究结果。 还与a）新泽西州爱迪生的USEPA-NRML办事处建立了合作关系，利用了EPA和NSF最近签署的谅解备忘录，以及B）巴尔的摩生态系统研究，NSF的两个城市节点之一？长期生态研究网络。通过该项目，PI还将继续与哥伦比亚大学的研究人员合作，他已经作为NOAA资助的东北城市气候风险联盟的一部分与他们合作。