CAREER: Integrated Assessments of the Impacts of Decentralized Land Use and Water Management Practices in Urban Ecosystems

职业：城市生态系统中分散土地利用和水资源管理实践影响的综合评估

• 批准号: 1150994
• 负责人: Franco Montalto
• 金额: $ 41万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2017-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1150994&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Integrated; Assessments; Impacts; Decentralized

1150994(Montalto) This project will advance knowledge about poorly understood hydrologic processes that occur on vegetated and impervious land parcels in dense urban environments, and their relationship to ecosystem services. Special attention is paid to the watershed-scale implications of deliberate micro-scale redirections of water in ultra-urban settings, e.g. green infrastructure (GI) projects. The research makes use of existing sensors in GI monitoring sites that the PI has assembled with other resources, but which are not currently integrated into a network. A new relational database will link this collection of sites and sensors and support complex and highly specific data retrieval queries, with significantly more sites and sensors to be made available by project collaborators. The results of these queries will advance knowledge about the hydrologic outcomes that can be expected from different GI treatments implemented in different contexts. The database will enable efficient longitudinal (e.g. between sites), and/or vertical (e.g. between sensors) discoveries regarding the hydrologic performance of GI. Without this database, such queries would be nearly impossible to perform efficiently. Because the GI systems included in the database receive runoff from different sized source areas, the database will also facilitate potentially transformative investigations into the effects of scale on urban hydrology. Agent models will provide simulation platforms within which to explore the relative importance of different hydrologic, climatological, and social uncertainties in predicting emergent watershed-scale ecosystem services, in different urban neighborhoods. With "hydrologic response rules" derived directly from data stored in the relational database, the models will enhance ability to accurately depict urban scale hydrologic fluxes under different innovative management regimes. Community members will be actively involved in the agent-model building process. The research will yield findings relevant to technical practitioners (engineers, urban designers, water utility representatives), natural scientists (ecologists, hydrologists, biologists,) as well as to planners (community groups, municipal sustainability directors), and a range of interdisciplinary academic researchers. The research is structured to provide opportunities for the participation of a diverse set of undergraduate and graduate students, community members, and government and non-profit partners. The Citizen Science program, recruiting at least 50% from demographic groups traditionally underrepresented in science, will engage residents of five study neighborhoods in data collection activities, and is intended to become a model for two-way learning between university researchers and the urban community. A Sustainable Water Resource Engineering (SWRE) Field Training (FT) Program will provide a forum for encouraging the participation of undergraduate students in research. The FT projects will be used to create a database of innovative water projects and SWRE teaching modules which will be available to the public on the PI?s institutional website. New urban ecohydrologic data sets will be streamed in real-time to a Drexel server that will be linked to the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Service through web-services. This new infrastructure will make the data assembled and organized as part of this project accessible to the larger hydrologic research community. Semi-annual meetings with a Scientific Advisory Committee will ensure dissemination of the research findings. Collaborations have also been forged with a) the USEPA-NRML offices in Edison, NJ, taking advantage of a recently signed MOU between EPA and NSF, and b) the Baltimore Ecosystem Study, one of one of two urban nodes in NSF?s Long-Term Ecological Research network. Through the project, the PI will also continue collaborating with researchers from Columbia University, with whom he is already working as part of the NOAA-funded Consortium on Climate Risks in the Urban Northeast.

1150994（Montalto）本项目将促进对发生在密集城市环境中植被和不透水地块上的水文过程及其与生态系统服务的关系的了解。特别注意的是在超城市环境中，例如绿色基础设施（GI）项目，故意对水进行微观重新定向的流域尺度影响。这项研究利用了地理标志监测点现有的传感器，这些传感器是PI与其他资源组合在一起的，但目前还没有集成到一个网络中。一个新的关系数据库将把这些场址和传感器集合联系起来，并支持复杂和高度具体的数据检索查询，项目合作者将提供更多的场址和传感器。这些查询的结果将促进对水文结果的了解，这些水文结果可以在不同背景下实施不同的GI处理。该数据库将能够有效地纵向（例如在站点之间）和/或纵向（例如在传感器之间）发现地理标志的水文性能。如果没有这个数据库，这样的查询几乎不可能有效地执行。由于数据库中包含的地理标志系统接收来自不同大小源区的径流，该数据库还将促进规模对城市水文影响的潜在变革性调查。智能体模型将提供模拟平台，在其中探索不同水文、气候和社会不确定性在预测不同城市社区的新兴流域尺度生态系统服务中的相对重要性。通过直接从存储在关系数据库中的数据中导出的“水文响应规则”，该模型将提高在不同创新管理制度下准确描述城市尺度水文通量的能力。社区成员将积极参与代理模型的构建过程。这项研究将产生与技术实践者（工程师、城市设计师、水务公司代表）、自然科学家（生态学家、水文学家、生物学家）以及规划师（社区团体、市政可持续发展主任）和一系列跨学科学术研究人员有关的发现。该研究旨在为本科生和研究生、社区成员、政府和非营利合作伙伴的参与提供机会。公民科学计划从传统上在科学领域代表性不足的人口群体中招募至少50%的人，将让五个研究社区的居民参与数据收集活动，并旨在成为大学研究人员和城市社区之间双向学习的典范。可持续水资源工程（SWRE）实地培训（FT）计划将提供一个论坛，鼓励本科生参与研究。《金融时报》的项目将用于创建一个创新水项目和SWRE教学模块的数据库，这些数据库将在PI？美国机构网站。新的城市生态水文数据集将实时传输到Drexel服务器，该服务器将通过网络服务与CUAHSI水文信息服务相连接。这一新的基础设施将使作为该项目的一部分的数据能够被更大的水文研究界收集和组织。与科学咨询委员会举行的半年度会议将确保研究成果的传播。我们还与以下机构建立了合作关系：a)美国环保署- nrml在新泽西州爱迪生的办事处，利用最近EPA和NSF之间签署的谅解备忘录；b)巴尔的摩生态系统研究，NSF的两个城市节点之一。长期生态研究网络。通过该项目，PI还将继续与哥伦比亚大学的研究人员合作，他已经与哥伦比亚大学合作，作为noaa资助的东北城市气候风险联盟的一部分。