Next-generation composite SOFC anodes

下一代复合 SOFC 阳极

• 批准号: 1033810
• 负责人: Scott Misture
• 金额: $ 30.92万
• 依托单位: Alfred University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1033810&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Next; generation; composite; SOFC; anodes

1033810MistureIntellectual MeritSolid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) offer many potential advantages for the conversion of renewable, carbon-based biofuels to electrical power, most notably the opportunity to provide fuel-flexible power systems for a variety of applications ranging from small scale to large scale. However, there are several technological issues with SOFCs that use hydrocarbon streams, many of which can be related to reliability of the anode. To address the anode reliability issue, recent work has shown that traditional Ni metal SOFC anodes can be partially or fully replaced by oxides which substantially improve performance in carbon-based biofuels.The objective of the proposed research is to incorporate high-activity, oxide-promoted metal nanoparticle catalysts into the SOFC anode that can tolerate a dirty biofuel environment and can be periodically regenerated. Materials of interest are oxide spinels, which are reduced in the fuel stream to yield metal nanoparticles supported by defect spinels. Regeneration of the anode requires an oxidation/reduction process in which the metal colloids are resorbed into the spinel under oxidizing conditions and then reduced, thus regenerating the catalyst. The proposed research will develop a quantitative understanding of the function and interplay of the oxide-supported metal catalyst with the mixed ionic/electronic conducting oxides. A rich array of chemical composition is available in the spinels, which will allow for studies on the effects of promoters and catalytic metals or alloys that include, for example, Ni, Co, Cu, Mn, and Ru. Characterization of the reduction and regeneration processes for the spinels, as well as measurements of the ionic/electronic conductivity under wet and dry hydrogen or methane gas, will provide fundamental information to guide the development of the composite anodes. Performance of single button cells with composite anodes of varying composition will allow for the quantification of the impact of each component of the composite, and provide data to elucidate the mechanisms responsible coking resistance in the SOFC application.Broader ImpactsA student team of graduate and undergraduate students will carry out research, education, and outreach activities as an integrated effort. As part of K-12 outreach, the student team will provide hands-on demonstrations on biofuels topics to middle and high school students through existing programs, including Engineering and Materials Science Day, Success in College in Engineering, and Science on Wheels. This student team will also develop a website which will highlight research efforts in biofuel SOFCs, the role of undergraduates in that research effort, and speak broadly to the cultural and social impacts of green, renewable energy. This website will be designed to indirectly support the New York State Leadership and Assistance for Science Education Reform (LASER) program, which provides research-based products and services to support K-12 science education.

固体氧化物燃料电池（SOFC）为可再生的碳基生物燃料转化为电能提供了许多潜在的优势，最值得注意的是为从小规模到大规模的各种应用提供燃料灵活的电力系统的机会。 然而，使用烃流的SOFC存在几个技术问题，其中许多可能与阳极的可靠性有关。 为了解决阳极的可靠性问题，最近的工作表明，传统的镍金属SOFC阳极可以部分或全部由氧化物，大大提高性能的碳基biofuels.The拟议的研究的目标是将高活性，氧化物促进的金属纳米颗粒催化剂纳入SOFC阳极，可以容忍肮脏的生物燃料环境，并可以定期再生。 感兴趣的材料是氧化物尖晶石，其在燃料流中被还原以产生由缺陷尖晶石支撑的金属纳米颗粒。 阳极的再生需要氧化/还原过程，其中金属胶体在氧化条件下再吸收到尖晶石中，然后还原，从而再生催化剂。 拟议的研究将发展的功能和氧化物负载的金属催化剂与混合离子/电子导电氧化物的相互作用的定量理解。 尖晶石中可获得丰富的化学组成，这将允许研究促进剂和催化金属或合金的影响，所述催化金属或合金包括例如Ni、Co、Cu、Mn和Ru。 尖晶石的还原和再生过程的表征，以及在湿和干氢气或甲烷气体下的离子/电子电导率的测量，将提供基本信息，以指导复合阳极的开发。 不同组成的复合阳极的单扣式电池的性能将允许量化的复合材料的每个组件的影响，并提供数据来阐明的机制，负责在SOFC的应用焦化阻力。更广泛的影响一个研究生和本科生的学生团队将开展研究，教育和推广活动作为一个综合的努力。 作为K-12外展的一部分，学生团队将通过现有的计划，包括工程和材料科学日，工程学院的成功和车轮上的科学，为初中和高中学生提供生物燃料主题的实践演示。 该学生团队还将开发一个网站，突出生物燃料固体氧化物燃料电池的研究工作，本科生在研究工作中的作用，并广泛地谈论绿色可再生能源的文化和社会影响。 本网站的目的是间接支持纽约州领导和科学教育改革援助（激光）计划，该计划提供基于研究的产品和服务，以支持K-12科学教育。