RAPID/Collaborative Research: The Forgotten Aspects of Evacuation: Mass Evacuee Processing and Care by Host Communities Following the Haiti Earthquake

快速/合作研究：疏散中被遗忘的方面：海地地震后收容社区对大规模疏散人员的处理和护理

• 批准号: 1034789
• 负责人: Sudha Arlikatti
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1034789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Forgotten; Aspects

This Grant for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) will focus on studying the integration of evacuees from the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti into life in Florida. Researchers and policymakers have been concerned about how to manage hazards in large cities, but few have considered the likely effects of a catastrophe away from the impacted urban area. The catastrophic consequences of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans resulted in hundreds of thousands of people becoming displaced from their homes for months, years, or even permanently; while the communities to which they had fled or to which they were transported had no guidance to prepare for or respond to the mass influx of these evacuees. This situation was virtually unprecedented in US history, leaving the emergency management community and the political systems it supports with no appropriate plans, legal instruments, policies, or pre-considered options available to deal with the magnitude of the situation. Apart from challenges to officials, the unpredictable and faltering housing and social-service initiatives resulted in additional stress and anguish for evacuees. Now, the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti stands as one of the preeminent catastrophes in this hemisphere in recorded history, resulting in tens of thousands of internally and internationally displaced refugees. This disaster foreshadows what could be experienced when large numbers of people are forced to travel far from their places of residence for assistance after a catastrophe. In this project, focusing on the Haiti earthquake, researchers will study how organizations: (1) identified and prioritized evacuees? needs as they traveled to the United States for assistance; ( 2) assessed the availability of resources to meet those needs; and (3) administered both public and private aid systems, including new or emergent ones. This research particularly focuses on the administrative impediments that arise from inconsistent regulations, disconnected or conflicting procedures between agencies, or pre-existing administrative structures that are tested by unusual requests. Findings from this study will inform policy makers who need to improve capacities for assisting people who have escaped disaster. There is a sizable risk for catastrophic earthquakes in several areas of the United States, including on the West Coast and in the Midwest. This work should provide needed guidance for US emergency planners in potential host regions to better accommodate evacuees by enhancing interagency emergency planning and facilitating interactions between and among public officials, government agencies, non-profit entities, and emergent organizations.

这项用于快速响应研究的赠款（快速）将重点研究从2010年1月12日在海地地震到佛罗里达生活的撤离人员的整合。研究人员和政策制定者一直担心如何在大城市管理危害，但很少有人认为灾难可能会远离受影响的城市地区。卡特里娜飓风在新奥尔良的灾难性后果导致成千上万的人从家中流离失所数月，几年，甚至永久性地流离失所。尽管他们逃离的社区或被运输的社区没有指导来准备或应对这些撤离者的大规模涌入。 在美国历史上，这种情况实际上是前所未有的，其应急管理社区及其所支持的政治体系没有适当的计划，法律文书，政策或预先考虑的方案来应对情况的规模。 除了对官员的挑战之外，不可预测和步履蹒跚的住房和社会服务举措还导致了疏散者的额外压力和痛苦。现在，2010年1月12日在海地发生的地震是记录历史上这一半球的巨大灾难之一，导致了数以万计的内部和国际流离失所的难民。 这场灾难预示了当大量人被迫离居住地远离灾难之后的援助时，会经历什么。在这个项目中，关注海地地震，研究人员将研究组织：（1）确定和优先级撤离者？他们前往美国寻求帮助时的需求； （2）评估了满足这些需求的资源的可用性； （3）管理公共和私人援助系统，包括新的或紧急的系统。这项研究特别关注的是，机构之间的法规，断开或相互矛盾的程序或预先存在的行政结构所产生的行政障碍，这些障碍是由不寻常的请求测试的。这项研究的发现将为需要提高能力的决策者提供帮助，以帮助逃避灾难的人们。在美国的几个地区，包括在西海岸和中西部，发生灾难性地震的风险很大。这项工作应为潜在的接待区的美国急救人员提供所需的指导，以通过加强机构间紧急计划，并促进公职人员，政府机构，非营利组织和新兴组织之间的互动，从而更好地适应疏散。