RAPID/Collaborative Research: The Forgotten Aspects of Evacuation: Mass Evacuee Processing and Care by Host Communities Following the Haiti Earthquake

快速/合作研究：疏散中被遗忘的方面：海地地震后收容社区对大规模疏散人员的处理和护理

• 批准号: 1034789
• 负责人: Sudha Arlikatti
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: University of North Texas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-07-15 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1034789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Forgotten; Aspects

This Grant for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) will focus on studying the integration of evacuees from the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti into life in Florida. Researchers and policymakers have been concerned about how to manage hazards in large cities, but few have considered the likely effects of a catastrophe away from the impacted urban area. The catastrophic consequences of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans resulted in hundreds of thousands of people becoming displaced from their homes for months, years, or even permanently; while the communities to which they had fled or to which they were transported had no guidance to prepare for or respond to the mass influx of these evacuees. This situation was virtually unprecedented in US history, leaving the emergency management community and the political systems it supports with no appropriate plans, legal instruments, policies, or pre-considered options available to deal with the magnitude of the situation. Apart from challenges to officials, the unpredictable and faltering housing and social-service initiatives resulted in additional stress and anguish for evacuees. Now, the January 12, 2010 earthquake in Haiti stands as one of the preeminent catastrophes in this hemisphere in recorded history, resulting in tens of thousands of internally and internationally displaced refugees. This disaster foreshadows what could be experienced when large numbers of people are forced to travel far from their places of residence for assistance after a catastrophe. In this project, focusing on the Haiti earthquake, researchers will study how organizations: (1) identified and prioritized evacuees? needs as they traveled to the United States for assistance; ( 2) assessed the availability of resources to meet those needs; and (3) administered both public and private aid systems, including new or emergent ones. This research particularly focuses on the administrative impediments that arise from inconsistent regulations, disconnected or conflicting procedures between agencies, or pre-existing administrative structures that are tested by unusual requests. Findings from this study will inform policy makers who need to improve capacities for assisting people who have escaped disaster. There is a sizable risk for catastrophic earthquakes in several areas of the United States, including on the West Coast and in the Midwest. This work should provide needed guidance for US emergency planners in potential host regions to better accommodate evacuees by enhancing interagency emergency planning and facilitating interactions between and among public officials, government agencies, non-profit entities, and emergent organizations.

快速反应研究（RAPID）将重点研究2010年1月12日海地地震后的疏散人员融入佛罗里达的生活。研究人员和政策制定者一直关注如何管理大城市的灾害，但很少有人考虑到受影响城市地区以外的灾难可能造成的影响。卡特里娜飓风在新奥尔良造成的灾难性后果导致数十万人流离失所数月、数年甚至永久;而他们逃离或被运送到的社区没有指导来准备或应对这些撤离者的大规模涌入。 这种情况在美国历史上几乎是前所未有的，使应急管理社区及其支持的政治系统没有适当的计划，法律的工具，政策或预先考虑的选项来处理这种情况的严重性。 除了对官员的挑战外，不可预测和摇摇欲坠的住房和社会服务举措给撤离人员带来了额外的压力和痛苦。现在，2010年1月12日发生在海地的地震是本半球有史以来最严重的灾难之一，导致成千上万的国内和国际难民流离失所。 这场灾难预示了在灾难发生后，大批人被迫远离居住地前往寻求援助时可能出现的情况。在这个项目中，以海地地震为重点，研究人员将研究组织如何：（1）确定和优先疏散？在他们前往美国寻求援助时，评估他们的需求;（2）评估满足这些需求的资源的可用性;（3）管理公共和私人援助系统，包括新的或紧急的援助系统。本研究特别侧重于行政障碍，所产生的不一致的法规，脱节或机构之间的程序冲突，或预先存在的行政结构，不寻常的要求进行测试。这项研究的结果将为需要提高援助灾民能力的决策者提供信息。在美国的几个地区，包括西海岸和中西部，发生灾难性地震的风险相当大。这项工作应提供必要的指导，为美国应急规划人员在潜在的东道国地区，以更好地容纳疏散人员，通过加强机构间的应急规划和促进公共官员，政府机构，非营利实体和紧急组织之间的互动。