Collaborative Research: EAGER: Genomic insights into microbial mat diversity and Proterozoic geobiology

合作研究：EAGER：微生物垫多样性和元古代地球生物学的基因组见解

• 批准号: 1035957
• 负责人: Bopaiah Biddanda
• 金额: $ 2.15万
• 依托单位: Grand Valley State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1035957&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAGER; Genomic; insights

Cyanobacterial mats were critical in the evolution of Earth?s chemistry and biology. They have long been recognized as drivers of the ?great oxidation event? (GOE), and may have also perpetuated a prolonged period of intermediate redox state in the early Earth's time period call the Proterozoic. However, the types of cyanobacteria that could have mediated such geochemical transitions are poorly understood because whereas Proterozoic oceans were characterized by low oxygen, stratified and/or fluctuating redox conditions, oxygen is required by most modern cyanobacteria studied to date. Further, traditional tools used for study of microbial mats provide limited information regarding metabolic or physiological diversity of cyanobacteria. In this proposal, the PIs propose an exploratory project that will combine cutting-edge single-cell and community genome sequencing technologies with elemental and isotopic geochemistry to address questions focused on facultatively oxygenic/anoxygenic cyanobacteria dominating modern microbial mats that are excellent analogs of Proterozoic mat ecosystems. This EAGER proposal is motivated by two recent, disparate developments that together provide unique opportunities to investigate metabolically versatile cyanobacteria: (i) discovery of an easily accessible modern mat ecosystem in northern Lake Huron that is a novel analog of Proterozoic geochemistry and biology, and (ii) the advent of new genome sequencing technologies that enable unprecedented insights into uncultivated single cells as well as whole microbial communities.Broader Impacts: Undergraduate students will conduct the primary research focused on physiology (GVSU) and geochemistry (UM) and a PhD student will lead the genomics effort (UM). The discovery-driven and exploratory nature of this project provides outstanding opportunities for translating research into educational opportunities and public outreach. The PIs will take advantage of video resources (underwater dive footage, microscopic cell separations), time-lapse photography of motility, and recent coverage on the Discovery Channel (http://watch.discoverychannel.ca/daily-planet/september-2009/daily-planet-september-22-2009/#clip216315) and local news stations to develop multi-media materials (?microbes in motion? and ?laser roundup? movies). These will be integrated into outreach activities at UM and GVSU, and geobiology exhibits at TBNMS?s Visitor Center.

蓝藻席对地球的进化至关重要？S化学和生物学。他们长期以来一直被认为是？伟大的氧化事件？（GOE），也可能在地球早期的元古代延续了一段较长的中间氧化还原状态。然而，由于元古代海洋以低氧、分层和/或波动氧化还原条件为特征，人们对可能介导这种地球化学转变的蓝藻类型知之甚少，而迄今为止研究的大多数现代蓝藻都需要氧气。此外，用于研究微生物垫的传统工具提供关于蓝藻代谢或生理多样性的有限信息。在该提案中，pi提出了一个探索性项目，将尖端的单细胞和群落基因组测序技术与元素和同位素地球化学相结合，以解决集中在兼性富氧/无氧蓝藻主导的现代微生物席上的问题，这些微生物席是元古代席生态系统的优秀类似物。这个EAGER提案的动机是最近两个不同的发展，它们共同为研究代谢多样的蓝藻提供了独特的机会：(1)在休伦湖北部发现了一个易于接近的现代席生态系统，这是一种新的元古代地球化学和生物学模拟物；(2)新的基因组测序技术的出现，使人们能够前所未有地了解未培养的单细胞和整个微生物群落。更广泛的影响：本科生将进行生理学（GVSU）和地球化学（UM）的主要研究，博士生将领导基因组学工作（UM）。这个项目的发现驱动和探索性质为将研究转化为教育机会和公众宣传提供了绝佳的机会。私家侦探将利用视频资源（水下潜水镜头，微观细胞分离），运动的延时摄影，以及探索频道（http://watch.discoverychannel.ca/daily-planet/september-2009/daily-planet-september-22-2009/#clip216315）和当地新闻台的最新报道来开发多媒体材料(？运动中的微生物？然后呢?激光围捕?电影)。这些活动将被整合到UM和GVSU的推广活动中，以及TBNMS的地理生物学展览中。这里是游客中心。