AToL: Collaborative Research: Assembling the Beetle Tree of Life

AToL：合作研究：组装甲虫生命之树

• 批准号: 1036014
• 负责人: David Maddison
• 金额: $ 17.97万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-30 至 2011-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1036014&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: AToL; Collaborative; Research; Assembling; Beetle

0531754Maddison Human beings, also it would appear, have "an inordinate fondness for beetles" (to cite J.B.S. Haldane), at least an inordinate fondness for the study of this species-rich and life-history diverse lineage of insects. A team led by Dr. Brian Farrell at Harvard University, Dr. Michael Whiting at Brigham Young University, and Dr. David Maddison at the University of Arizona, with colleagues from around the world, will conduct an extensive study of beetle (insect order Coleoptera) phylogeny to provide the first broad scale view of beetle diversification. With ca. 350,000 described species, beetles comprise a huge fraction of the world's biota and are dominant in every terrestrial ecosystem. Beetles represent the most diverse and rapid radiation of any terrestrial organismal group, yet we have only a rudimentary knowledge of their deeper level phylogeny, and still do not understand even their most basic patterns of diversity. Collectively, beetles represent nearly every feeding habit among insects including herbivory and fungivory (feeding upon fungi), saprophagy (feeding upon decaying matter), predation and parasitism, and a thorough study of their evolutionary history would provide insight into the role of feeding habits in species diversity. The team of 40 leading beetle researchers worldwide, with expertise in nearly every beetle lineage, proposes to construct a framework phylogeny (genealogical tree) for all beetles, utilizing a 3-tier approach. Tier 1: 54 exemplar species, representing all major beetle lineages, will be sampled extensively for character data (morphology plus 23kb of DNA sequence data including complete mitochondrial genomes) to provide a robust outline of the relationships among the major (superfamily) groups of beetles. Tier 2: 300 additional species will sampled for morphology and 12kb of sequence data to establish relationships among beetle families. Tier 3: 3000 additional species will be sequenced for 1.5 kb of DNA sequence data, with morphology added for a subset of these, to better characterize the grand diversity of beetle phylogeny at the subfamilial level. Novel bioinformatics tools will be developed to streamline data processing for the molecular and morphological data, and will allow for greater efficiency, accuracy, and reproducibility of the data and associated results, while providing an online framework for collaboration by participants throughout the world. This represents the first time that coleopterists have collaborated on such a large-scale phylogenetic project, and the work should result in a robust estimate of beetle phylogeny that will provide a predictive basis for classification and integration of information on this ecologically and economically important group of insects. Information on all aspects of beetles will be disseminated through the Tree-of-Life website hosted at the University of Arizona, a traveling Spanish-language / English-language museum exhibit, and through publications and symposia. This research will provide training for graduate students, undergraduates, and high school students, including 10 female researchers and an undergraduate student with disabilities.

0531754 Maddison人类似乎也“对甲虫有着过分的喜爱”（引用J.B.S.至少是对研究这种物种丰富、生活史多样的昆虫谱系的过度喜爱。由哈佛大学的Brian Farrell博士、杨百翰大学的Michael Whiting博士和亚利桑那大学的大卫麦迪逊博士领导的一个团队，以及来自世界各地的同事，将对甲虫（鞘翅目昆虫）的生殖发育进行广泛的研究，以提供甲虫多样化的第一个大规模视图。用约甲虫有35万种，占世界生物群的很大一部分，在每个陆地生态系统中占主导地位。甲虫代表了任何陆地生物群中最多样化和最快速的辐射，然而我们对它们更深层次的进化只有初步的了解，甚至还不了解它们最基本的多样性模式。总的来说，甲虫几乎代表了昆虫的每一种食性，包括食草性和食真菌性（以真菌为食），腐食性（以腐烂物质为食），捕食和寄生，对其进化史的深入研究将深入了解食性在物种多样性中的作用。这个由全球40位领先的甲虫研究人员组成的团队，拥有几乎每一种甲虫谱系的专业知识，他们建议利用3层方法为所有甲虫构建一个框架谱系（谱系树）。第一层：将对代表所有主要甲虫谱系的54个样本物种进行广泛采样，以获得特征数据（形态学加上23 kb的DNA序列数据，包括完整的线粒体基因组），从而提供甲虫主要（总科）群体之间关系的强大轮廓。 第2层：将对另外300个物种进行形态学和12 kb序列数据采样，以建立甲虫家族之间的关系。 第三层：将对另外3000个物种进行1.5 kb的DNA序列数据测序，并为其中的一个子集添加形态学，以更好地表征甲虫在亚科水平上的巨大多样性。将开发新的生物信息学工具，以简化分子和形态学数据的数据处理，并将提高数据和相关结果的效率、准确性和再现性，同时为世界各地的参与者提供一个在线合作框架。这是鞘翅目首次合作进行如此大规模的系统发育项目，这项工作将导致对甲虫系统发育的可靠估计，这将为分类和整合这一具有生态和经济重要性的昆虫群的信息提供预测基础。 关于甲虫各方面的信息将通过亚利桑那大学主办的生命之树网站、西班牙语/英语巡回博物馆展览以及出版物和研讨会传播。 这项研究将为研究生、本科生和高中生提供培训，其中包括10名女研究员和1名残疾本科生。