RAPID: Monitoring Postseismic Crustal Deformation in Haiti with TerraSAR-X Observations

RAPID：利用 TerraSAR-X 观测监测海地震后地壳变形

• 批准号: 1037930
• 负责人: Shimon Wdowinski
• 金额: $ 2.82万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1037930&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Monitoring; Postseismic; Crustal; Deformation

The 2010 M=7.0 Haiti earthquake ruptured a 40 km long fault, had a seismicmoment of 5.44 x 1026 dyne cm, and caused a devastating destruction in the Haiti?s capital, Port-au-Prince. A magnitude 7 earthquake typically displaces the Earth?s crust by 3-5 meters and deforms the crust over a wide area along the fault. It also induces large transient displacements, termed postseismic deformation. We propose to monitor the posteseismic deformation induced by the Haiti earthquake using TerraSAR-X (TSX) data. The investigators and their team will task the satellite to acquire data in the next 12 months over the rupturedsegment of the Enriquillo Fault. The post-seismic deformation is time dependent. Thus it is important to acquire data right after the earthquake. The results of this study will be used to re-evaluate the seismic hazard of the Port-au-Prince area for both short-term (aftershocks) and long-term (next big earthquake) seismic activity.The proposed research will take advantage of the high resolution TSX data andthe 11-day repeat orbit to acquire detailed time series of postseismic deformation following the 2010 Haiti Earthquake. Although X-band data is often considered inappropriate for crustal deformations studies, due to the rapid coherence degradation, the successive acquisitions with short repeat time will allow us to maintain coherence throughout the yearlong acquisition plan.

2010年海地7.0级地震破裂了一个40公里长的断层，地震矩为5.44 × 1026达因厘米，并在海地造成了毁灭性的破坏。首都太子港。7级地震通常会使地球移位？断层使地壳移动了3-5米，并使沿着断层的大面积地壳变形。它还引起大的瞬态位移，称为震后变形。我们建议使用TerraSAR-X（TSX）数据监测海地地震引起的震后变形。调查人员和他们的团队将在接下来的12个月内对卫星进行任务，以获取Enriquillo断层破裂部分的数据。震后变形是时间相关的。因此，在地震发生后立即获取数据非常重要。本次研究的结果将用于重新评估太子港地区短期（余震）和长期（下一次大地震）地震活动的地震危险性。拟议的研究将利用高分辨率TSX数据和11天重复轨道获取2010年海地地震后震后变形的详细时间序列。虽然X波段数据通常被认为不适合地壳形变研究，但由于相干性迅速退化，重复时间短的连续采集将使我们能够在全年采集计划中保持相干性。