US-Pakistan-Nepal Planning Visit for Research to Improve Seismic Behavior of Non-Ductile Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Masonry Infill Walls, Kathmandu, Nepal, July 2010

1038198rodgers描述：此提案旨在支持一个美国团队的计划访问，包括国际地质灾害组织的Denise Rodgers博士、加州大学伯克利分校土木与环境工程系的Khalid Mosalam博士；Gregory Deierlein博士，斯坦福大学CEE系；加州伯克利Tipping Mar + Associates首席工程师David Mar先生前往尼泊尔会见：巴基斯坦卡拉奇NED工程技术大学土木工程与建筑学院院长Sahibzada F. A. Rafeeqi博士和土木工程系系主任Sarosh Hashmat Lodi博士；jishhnu Subedi博士，尼泊尔加德满都特里布万大学工程学院土木工程系研究与培训处处长；苏里亚·纳拉扬·什雷斯塔先生，副执行委员Dir。，国家地震技术学会-尼泊尔，加德满都，尼泊尔。他们计划讨论开发一个联合研究项目，开发用于抵御地震力量的低成本建筑材料。​美国许多具有重大地震危险的城市也有这种类型的老建筑。正如最近发生在意大利、阿尔及利亚、印度、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚、台湾和中国大陆的地震所表明的那样，这些建筑在强烈的地面震动中容易受到严重的结构破坏，甚至倒塌。解决这一问题需要国际合作努力，以制定适用于整个社会经济领域的适当解决方案。拟议的合作将主要在巴基斯坦和美国之间进行，但由于那里的安全局势，拟议的访问将在尼泊尔进行，这也将允许尼泊尔科学家参加。参与国在共同的问题上发挥着不同的优势。巴基斯坦最近遭受了毁灭性的地震，从重建工作中吸取了教训，并开始发展实验研究能力。尼泊尔有一个活跃的民间社会，专注于基层减轻地震风险。美国在实验研究和工程实践方面有着丰富的经验。此次访问的目的是利用这些不同的优势来确定合作研究建议，以提高这种非常常见的建筑系统的抗震性，并促进关系，从而导致新的合作，以减少地震风险。知识价值：在强烈的地震中，带有砌体填充墙的非延性钢筋混凝土建筑可能遭受各种结构破坏，从填充结构墙的倒塌到整体倒塌。通过最近和正在进行的研究，地震工程界在理解这类建筑的行为方面取得了良好的进展。然而，目前改善其抗震性能的解决方案数量有限，而在美国和国外广泛适用于降低地震风险的低成本解决方案就更少了。规划访问将确定研究建议，以调查改善现有和新建筑抗震性能的方法。在巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和其他发展中国家，在可预见的未来，这种类型的新建筑将继续建造，主要是出于经济原因。更广泛的影响：预计此次访问期间确定的研究将创造具有成本效益的抗震改造解决方案，可以广泛应用于发展中国家和美国。通过拟议的合作调查和验证的改造解决方案将有更大的应用可能性，因为它们将充分考虑发展中国家的观点、条件和社会经济限制。美国研究人员将获得对发展中国家建筑条件和限制的宝贵了解，这将使他们能够全面参与和领导全球减少地震风险的努力。该项目由土木、机械、制造创新系统司和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。

1038198RodgersDescription: This proposal is to support a planning visit by a US team including Dr. Denise Rodgers of Geohazard International, Dr. Khalid Mosalam, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Dr. Gregory Deierlein, Dept. of CEE, Stanford Univ.; Mr. David Mar, Principal Engineer, Tipping Mar + Associates, Berkeley, California to Nepal for meetings with: Dr. Sahibzada F. A. Rafeeqi, Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Dr. Sarosh Hashmat Lodi, Chair, Dept. of Civil Engineering, both at NED Univ. of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan; Dr. Jishnu Subedi, Chief, Research & Training Unit, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Tribhuvan Univ. Institute of Engineering, Kathmandu, Nepal; Mr. Surya Narayan Shrestha, Deputy Exec. Dir., National Society for Earthquake Technology- Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. They plan to discuss developing a joint research project for developing low-cost materials for buildings to withstand earthquake forces. Non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with unreinforced masonry infill walls are very common in many developing countries, including Pakistan, Nepal and others with high levels of earthquake hazard. Many cities in the United States with substantial seismic hazard also contain older buildings of this type. As recent earthquakes in Italy, Algeria, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Taiwan, and China have demonstrated, these buildings are prone to substantial structural damage, up to and including collapse, during strong ground shaking. Addressing the problem requires an international, cooperative effort to develop appropriate solutions deployable in areas across the socioeconomic spectrum. The proposed collaboration will be primarily between Pakistan and the U.S., but because of the security situation there, the proposed visit will be in Nepal, which will also allow Nepalese scientists to participate. The participating countries bring different strengths to bear on a shared problem. Pakistan recently suffered a devastating earthquake, learned lessons from rebuilding efforts, and is beginning to develop experimental research capabilities. Nepal has a vibrant civil society focused on grass-roots earthquake risk mitigation. The U.S. has extensive experience in experimental research and engineering practice. The purpose of the visit will be to utilize these different strengths to define collaborative research proposals to improve the earthquake resistance of this very common type of building system, and to foster relationships that will lead to new collaborations to reduce seismic risk.Intellectual merit: During strong earthquake shaking, non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with masonry infill walls can suffer a variety of structural failures, ranging from collapses of infill structural walls to global collapse. Through recent and ongoing research, the earthquake engineering community is making good progress on understanding the behavior of such buildings. However, only a limited number of solutions to improve their seismic performance are now available, and even fewer of the available solutions are low-cost options broadly applicable to reduce earthquake risk both in the U.S. and abroad. The planning visit will define research proposals to investigate methods to improve seismic behavior for both existing and new construction. In Pakistan and Nepal and other developing countries, new buildings of this type will continue to be built for the foreseeable future, primarily for economic reasons.Broader impact: It is expected that the research defined during this visit will create cost-effective seismic retrofit solutions that can be broadly applied in the developing world and the U.S. Retrofit solutions investigated and validated through the proposed collaboration will have a greater likelihood of being applied, because they will fully consider developing-country perspectives, conditions, and socioeconomic constraints. U.S. researchers will gain valuable understanding of developing-country building conditions and constraints, which will enable them to be full participants and leaders in global earthquake risk reduction efforts. This project is co-funded by the Division of Civil, Mechanical, Manufacturing Innovation Systems and the Office of International Science and Engineering.