US-Pakistan-Nepal Planning Visit for Research to Improve Seismic Behavior of Non-Ductile Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Masonry Infill Walls, Kathmandu, Nepal, July 2010

1038198Rodgers 描述：该提案旨在支持美国团队的计划访问，其中包括国际地质灾害组织的 Denise Rodgers 博士、大学土木与环境工程系的 Khalid Mosalam 博士。加利福尼亚州伯克利分校； Gregory Deierlein 博士，斯坦福大学中东欧系；加利福尼亚州伯克利 Tipping Mar Associates 首席工程师 David Mar 先生前往尼泊尔会见了 NED 大学土木工程与建筑学院院长 Sahibzada F. A. Rafeeqi 博士和土木工程系系主任 Sarosh Hashmat Lodi 博士。工程与技术学院，巴基斯坦卡拉奇； Jishnu Subedi 博士，特里布万大学土木工程系研究与培训组组长工程学院，尼泊尔加德满都； Surya Narayan Shrestha 先生，副执行长尼泊尔国家地震技术学会主任，尼泊尔加德满都。 他们计划讨论开发一个联合研究项目，开发用于建筑物抵御地震力的低成本材料。带有无筋砌体填充墙的非延性钢筋混凝土建筑在许多发展中国家非常常见，包括巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和其他地震危险性较高的国家。美国许多有严重地震危险的城市也有这种类型的旧建筑。最近意大利、阿尔及利亚、印度、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚、台湾和中国发生的地震表明，这些建筑物在强烈的地面震动过程中很容易遭受严重的结构损坏，甚至倒塌。解决这个问题需要国际合作，制定可在整个社会经济领域部署的适当解决方案。拟议的合作将主要在巴基斯坦和美国之间进行，但由于那里的安全局势，拟议的访问将在尼泊尔进行，这也将允许尼泊尔科学家参与。参与国发挥不同的优势来解决共同的问题。巴基斯坦最近遭受了毁灭性地震，从重建工作中吸取了教训，并开始发展实验研究能力。尼泊尔拥有一个充满活力的民间社会，专注于基层减轻地震风险。美国在实验研究和工程实践方面拥有丰富的经验。此次访问的目的是利用这些不同的优势来确定合作研究建议，以提高这种非常常见的建筑系统的抗震性，并促进关系，从而导致新的合作，以降低地震风险。智力价值：在强烈地震震动期间，带有砖石填充墙的非延性钢筋混凝土建筑可能会遭受各种结构破坏，从填充结构墙倒塌到整体倒塌。通过最近和正在进行的研究，地震工程界在了解此类建筑物的行为方面取得了良好进展。然而，现在只有有限数量的解决方案可以提高其抗震性能，并且广泛适用于降低美国和国外地震风险的低成本解决方案就更少了。此次规划访问将确定研究提案，以研究改善现有和新建建筑抗震性能的方法。在巴基斯坦和尼泊尔以及其他发展中国家，这种类型的新建筑将在可预见的将来继续建造，主要是出于经济原因。 更广泛的影响：预计这次访问期间确定的研究将创造出具有成本效益的抗震改造解决方案，可以广泛应用于发展中国家和美国。通过拟议的合作调查和验证的改造解决方案将有更大的应用可能性，因为它们将充分考虑发展中国家的观点、条件和社会经济限制。美国研究人员将获得对发展中国家建筑条件和限制的宝贵了解，这将使他们成为全球减少地震风险工作的充分参与者和领导者。 该项目由土木、机械、制造创新系统司和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。

1038198RodgersDescription: This proposal is to support a planning visit by a US team including Dr. Denise Rodgers of Geohazard International, Dr. Khalid Mosalam, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Dr. Gregory Deierlein, Dept. of CEE, Stanford Univ.; Mr. David Mar, Principal Engineer, Tipping Mar + Associates, Berkeley, California to Nepal for meetings with: Dr. Sahibzada F. A. Rafeeqi, Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Dr. Sarosh Hashmat Lodi, Chair, Dept. of Civil Engineering, both at NED Univ. of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan; Dr. Jishnu Subedi, Chief, Research & Training Unit, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Tribhuvan Univ. Institute of Engineering, Kathmandu, Nepal; Mr. Surya Narayan Shrestha, Deputy Exec. Dir., National Society for Earthquake Technology- Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. They plan to discuss developing a joint research project for developing low-cost materials for buildings to withstand earthquake forces. Non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with unreinforced masonry infill walls are very common in many developing countries, including Pakistan, Nepal and others with high levels of earthquake hazard. Many cities in the United States with substantial seismic hazard also contain older buildings of this type. As recent earthquakes in Italy, Algeria, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Taiwan, and China have demonstrated, these buildings are prone to substantial structural damage, up to and including collapse, during strong ground shaking. Addressing the problem requires an international, cooperative effort to develop appropriate solutions deployable in areas across the socioeconomic spectrum. The proposed collaboration will be primarily between Pakistan and the U.S., but because of the security situation there, the proposed visit will be in Nepal, which will also allow Nepalese scientists to participate. The participating countries bring different strengths to bear on a shared problem. Pakistan recently suffered a devastating earthquake, learned lessons from rebuilding efforts, and is beginning to develop experimental research capabilities. Nepal has a vibrant civil society focused on grass-roots earthquake risk mitigation. The U.S. has extensive experience in experimental research and engineering practice. The purpose of the visit will be to utilize these different strengths to define collaborative research proposals to improve the earthquake resistance of this very common type of building system, and to foster relationships that will lead to new collaborations to reduce seismic risk.Intellectual merit: During strong earthquake shaking, non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with masonry infill walls can suffer a variety of structural failures, ranging from collapses of infill structural walls to global collapse. Through recent and ongoing research, the earthquake engineering community is making good progress on understanding the behavior of such buildings. However, only a limited number of solutions to improve their seismic performance are now available, and even fewer of the available solutions are low-cost options broadly applicable to reduce earthquake risk both in the U.S. and abroad. The planning visit will define research proposals to investigate methods to improve seismic behavior for both existing and new construction. In Pakistan and Nepal and other developing countries, new buildings of this type will continue to be built for the foreseeable future, primarily for economic reasons.Broader impact: It is expected that the research defined during this visit will create cost-effective seismic retrofit solutions that can be broadly applied in the developing world and the U.S. Retrofit solutions investigated and validated through the proposed collaboration will have a greater likelihood of being applied, because they will fully consider developing-country perspectives, conditions, and socioeconomic constraints. U.S. researchers will gain valuable understanding of developing-country building conditions and constraints, which will enable them to be full participants and leaders in global earthquake risk reduction efforts. This project is co-funded by the Division of Civil, Mechanical, Manufacturing Innovation Systems and the Office of International Science and Engineering.