US-Pakistan-Nepal Planning Visit for Research to Improve Seismic Behavior of Non-Ductile Reinforced Concrete Buildings with Masonry Infill Walls, Kathmandu, Nepal, July 2010

1038198 Rodgers描述：本提案旨在支持美国团队的规划访问，该团队包括地质灾害国际组织的Denise Rodgers博士，土木与环境工程，加州大学伯克利分校;格雷戈里Deierlein博士，系。斯坦福大学CEE;加州伯克利Tipping Mar + Associates公司首席工程师大卫·马尔先生前往尼泊尔与以下人员会面：A. Rafeeqi，土木工程与建筑学院院长和Sarosh Hashmat Lodi博士，系主任工程和技术大学，卡拉奇，巴基斯坦; Jishnu Subedi博士，主任，研究培训股，部门。尼泊尔加德满都特里布万大学工程学院土木工程系主任; Surya Narayan Shrestha先生，副执行主任。主任，国家地震技术学会-尼泊尔，加德满都，尼泊尔。 他们计划讨论开发一个联合研究项目，开发低成本的建筑材料，以抵御地震力。在许多发展中国家，包括巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和其他地震危险程度高的国家，非延性钢筋混凝土建筑物和非钢筋砌体填充墙非常普遍。美国许多有严重地震危险的城市也有这种类型的旧建筑。正如最近在意大利、阿尔及利亚、印度、巴基斯坦、印度尼西亚、台湾和中国发生的地震所表明的那样，这些建筑物在强烈的地面震动期间容易发生重大的结构损坏，甚至包括倒塌。解决这一问题需要国际合作努力，制定可在社会经济各领域部署的适当解决办法。拟议中的合作将主要在巴基斯坦和美国之间进行，但由于那里的安全局势，拟议中的访问将在尼泊尔进行，尼泊尔科学家也将参加。参与国为解决共同的问题发挥了不同的力量。巴基斯坦最近遭受了一次毁灭性的地震，从重建努力中吸取了教训，并开始发展实验研究能力。尼泊尔有一个活跃的民间社会，其工作重点是在基层减轻地震风险。美国在实验研究和工程实践方面有着丰富的经验。这次访问的目的是利用这些不同的优势来确定合作研究方案，以提高这种非常常见的建筑系统的抗震能力，并促进关系，从而导致新的合作，以减少地震风险。在强烈地震作用下，砌体填充墙非延性钢筋混凝土建筑会发生各种结构破坏，范围从填充结构墙的倒塌到整体倒塌。通过最近和正在进行的研究，地震工程界在了解这类建筑物的行为方面取得了很大进展。然而，现在只有有限数量的解决方案可以改善其抗震性能，并且更少的可用解决方案是广泛适用于降低美国和国外地震风险的低成本选项。规划访问将确定研究建议，以调查改善现有和新建筑抗震性能的方法。在巴基斯坦、尼泊尔和其他发展中国家，在可预见的未来，这类新建筑将继续建造，主要是出于经济原因。预计这次访问期间确定的研究将产生费用-有效的抗震改造解决方案，可广泛应用于发展中国家和美国的改造解决方案的调查和验证，通过拟议的合作将有一个这些标准更有可能得到应用，因为它们将充分考虑发展中国家的观点、条件和社会经济制约因素。美国研究人员将获得对发展中国家建筑条件和限制的宝贵了解，这将使他们能够充分参与和领导全球减少地震风险的努力。 该项目由土木、机械、制造创新系统司和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。

1038198RodgersDescription: This proposal is to support a planning visit by a US team including Dr. Denise Rodgers of Geohazard International, Dr. Khalid Mosalam, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of California, Berkeley; Dr. Gregory Deierlein, Dept. of CEE, Stanford Univ.; Mr. David Mar, Principal Engineer, Tipping Mar + Associates, Berkeley, California to Nepal for meetings with: Dr. Sahibzada F. A. Rafeeqi, Dean, Faculty of Civil Engineering and Architecture and Dr. Sarosh Hashmat Lodi, Chair, Dept. of Civil Engineering, both at NED Univ. of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan; Dr. Jishnu Subedi, Chief, Research & Training Unit, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Tribhuvan Univ. Institute of Engineering, Kathmandu, Nepal; Mr. Surya Narayan Shrestha, Deputy Exec. Dir., National Society for Earthquake Technology- Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. They plan to discuss developing a joint research project for developing low-cost materials for buildings to withstand earthquake forces. Non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with unreinforced masonry infill walls are very common in many developing countries, including Pakistan, Nepal and others with high levels of earthquake hazard. Many cities in the United States with substantial seismic hazard also contain older buildings of this type. As recent earthquakes in Italy, Algeria, India, Pakistan, Indonesia, Taiwan, and China have demonstrated, these buildings are prone to substantial structural damage, up to and including collapse, during strong ground shaking. Addressing the problem requires an international, cooperative effort to develop appropriate solutions deployable in areas across the socioeconomic spectrum. The proposed collaboration will be primarily between Pakistan and the U.S., but because of the security situation there, the proposed visit will be in Nepal, which will also allow Nepalese scientists to participate. The participating countries bring different strengths to bear on a shared problem. Pakistan recently suffered a devastating earthquake, learned lessons from rebuilding efforts, and is beginning to develop experimental research capabilities. Nepal has a vibrant civil society focused on grass-roots earthquake risk mitigation. The U.S. has extensive experience in experimental research and engineering practice. The purpose of the visit will be to utilize these different strengths to define collaborative research proposals to improve the earthquake resistance of this very common type of building system, and to foster relationships that will lead to new collaborations to reduce seismic risk.Intellectual merit: During strong earthquake shaking, non-ductile reinforced concrete buildings with masonry infill walls can suffer a variety of structural failures, ranging from collapses of infill structural walls to global collapse. Through recent and ongoing research, the earthquake engineering community is making good progress on understanding the behavior of such buildings. However, only a limited number of solutions to improve their seismic performance are now available, and even fewer of the available solutions are low-cost options broadly applicable to reduce earthquake risk both in the U.S. and abroad. The planning visit will define research proposals to investigate methods to improve seismic behavior for both existing and new construction. In Pakistan and Nepal and other developing countries, new buildings of this type will continue to be built for the foreseeable future, primarily for economic reasons.Broader impact: It is expected that the research defined during this visit will create cost-effective seismic retrofit solutions that can be broadly applied in the developing world and the U.S. Retrofit solutions investigated and validated through the proposed collaboration will have a greater likelihood of being applied, because they will fully consider developing-country perspectives, conditions, and socioeconomic constraints. U.S. researchers will gain valuable understanding of developing-country building conditions and constraints, which will enable them to be full participants and leaders in global earthquake risk reduction efforts. This project is co-funded by the Division of Civil, Mechanical, Manufacturing Innovation Systems and the Office of International Science and Engineering.