EAGER: Collaborative Research: G&V: Evolving Social Computation in an RNA World

EAGER：合作研究：G

• 批准号: 1043251
• 负责人: Rhiju Das
• 金额: $ 3.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2011-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1043251&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Collaborative; Research; G& Evolving

Abstract Careers in experimental science allow some researchers to push these frontiers of human knowledge to remote phenomena, from the formation of structure at cosmological scales to the self-assembly of protein enzymes. Non-experts have few channels to deeply experience these revelations due to several barriers: the time required to master technical details, the spatial distance to experts and educators, and the financial expense of careful experimentation. This research is creating a system that removes these barriers to scientific exploration for non-experts, in a frontier field that has attracted wide scientific and public interest: the engineering of nanoscale molecules into complex shapes. An internet-scale gaming infrastructure is being created that will enable hundreds of thousands of game players to jointly explore the conformational space of ribonucleic acid (RNA) designs. As players explore a simulated RNA design space, their efforts produce a prioritized list of candidate designs which are synthesized immediately in the PI?s biochemistry lab. Experimental results then feed back into the game?s incentive structure. The players? collective efforts thus move beyond simulation into real biochemical experimentation. Also, it is currently unknown how to maximally exploit the ?network effect? of cooperation in multiplayer search games. Successful designs must both reward individual exploration and incentivize knowledge sharing. To unite these goals, the PIs are experimenting with several advances in collaborative scoring. Thus, within the new field of nano-engineering, the system will enhance the toolkit of RNA sequences that self-assemble into complex three-dimensional shapes from the ?bottom-up?: knots, polyhedra, and additional novel shapes never before seen with RNA. The project is producing advances in the nascent field of socially intelligent computing.

摘要 实验科学领域的职业生涯使一些研究人员能够将人类知识的前沿推向遥远的现象，从宇宙尺度的结构形成到蛋白质酶的自组装。由于掌握技术细节所需的时间、与专家和教育者的空间距离以及仔细实验的财务费用等几个障碍，非专家几乎没有渠道深入体验这些启示。这项研究正在创建一个系统，消除非专家进行科学探索的障碍，这是一个吸引了广泛科学和公众兴趣的前沿领域：将纳米级分子设计成复杂的形状。一个互联网规模的游戏基础设施正在创建中，该基础设施将使数十万游戏玩家能够共同探索核糖核酸（RNA）设计的构象空间。当玩家探索模拟 RNA 设计空间时，他们的努力会产生候选设计的优先列表，这些设计会立即在 PI 的生物化学实验室中合成。然后实验结果反馈到游戏的激励结构中。球员们？因此，集体努力超越了模拟，进入了真正的生化实验。此外，目前还不知道如何最大限度地利用“网络效应”？多人搜索游戏中的合作。成功的设计必须既奖励个人探索又激励知识共享。为了统一这些目标，PI 正在尝试协作评分方面的多项进展。因此，在纳米工程的新领域中，该系统将增强RNA序列的工具包，这些序列可以从“自下而上”自组装成复杂的三维形状：结、多面体以及RNA以前从未见过的其他新颖形状。该项目正在社交智能计算这一新兴领域取得进展。