Dimensions: Genomics, functional roles, and diversity of the symbiotic gut microbiotae of honey bees and bumble bees

维度：蜜蜂和熊蜂共生肠道微生物群的基因组学、功能作用和多样性

• 批准号: 1046153
• 负责人: Nancy Moran
• 金额: $ 200.64万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-01-01 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1046153&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dimensions; Genomics; functional; roles; diversity

Microbial gut symbionts are essential for the life of most animal species, but their diversity and functions in hosts and their responses to ecological disturbance are poorly understood. Apis mellifera, the honeybee, possesses a distinctive set of about eight symbiotic bacterial species; some of these also occur in other Apis species and in the related genus Bombus (bumblebees). This study integrates the genomic, taxonomic and functional dimensions of the biodiversity of gut symbionts in these bees. The research will determine genome sequences and metabolic capabilities for these bacterial species and probe how their abundances and gene expression respond when hosts are subjected to different environments. The consequences of altered microbiota for host fitness will be experimentally assessed under nutrient stress and pathogen challenge. The study will also characterize the taxonomic composition of the microbiota of Bombus and Apis species collected globally, with emphasis on North America and China.These pollinator species have immense economic, ecological, and agricultural importance; this project will provide new insights into their ecological resilience as mediated by their gut microbes. The data will inform bee conservation and land management policies. This effort will also establish a collaborative exchange with Chinese scientists. Several US students, at different levels, will be trained. High school student researchers and educational activities will be sponsored through the Peabody Museum in New Haven, CT. A large global collection of cryopreserved bees will be established to serve as a reference resource for future changes in bee populations. Overall, this research will provide novel insights into the biology of these important pollinators and their symbiotic microbial biodiversity.

微生物肠道共生体对于大多数动物物种的生命至关重要，但是它们在宿主中的多样性和功能及其对生态障碍的反应知之甚少。蜜蜂的Apis Mellifera拥有一组与大约8种共生细菌物种的独特集。其中一些也出现在其他API物种以及相关的爆炸属（大黄蜂）中。这项研究整合了这些蜜蜂中肠道共生体的生物多样性的基因组，分类和功能维度。该研究将确定这些细菌物种的基因组序列和代谢能力，并探测当宿主受到不同环境的影响时，其丰度和基因表达如何反应。在营养应激和病原体挑战中，将对寄主适应性改变的菌群改变的后果进行实验评估。该研究还将表征全球收集的轰炸和API物种的分类学组成，重点是北美和中国。这些传粉媒介物种具有巨大的经济，生态和农业的重要性；该项目将提供有关其肠道微生物介导的生态弹性的新见解。数据将为蜜蜂保护和土地管理政策提供信息。这项工作还将与中国科学家建立协作交流。几名在不同级别的美国学生将接受培训。高中学生的研究人员和教育活动将通过康涅狄格州纽黑文的皮博迪博物馆赞助。将建立大量全球冷冻保存蜜蜂，以作为蜜蜂种群将来变化的参考资源。总体而言，这项研究将为这些重要的传粉媒介及其共生微生物生物多样性提供新的见解。