DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Competition and cooperation in the honey bee gut microbiota

论文研究：蜜蜂肠道微生物群的竞争与合作

• 批准号: 1701430
• 负责人: Nancy Moran
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1701430&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Competition; cooperation; honey

Pollinator health is important for both agricultural and natural ecosystems, and one of the most important pollinators, especially in agriculture, is the honey bee. In this project, researchers will focus on bacteria in honey bee guts, because gut bacteria affect animals' health. They will study how these bacteria interact with one another, because this is important for how stable helpful gut bacterial communities are, and how they interact with the host animal. The researchers will continue working with two critical bacteria in the bee gut. They have already shown how these bacteria have toxins with which they can attack one another. However, it is likely that these bacteria also help one another in some situations. The researchers will use recently developed methods to look at whether and how these bacteria pass nutrients to one another and to the host bee. This will contribute to understanding how bee-gut bacterial communities stay stable through time. It will help to develop new routes to improving bee health. In addition, during the project graduate and undergraduate researchers will be trained in state-of-the-art methods in microbiology.As insects can take up and utilize byproducts of carbohydrate fermentation, honeybees may benefit from the metabolic activities of members of their gut microbial communities through both the degradation of toxic sugars and the production of useful byproducts. To better understand the role of cooperative metabolic interactions in gut communities, this project will trace nutrient exchange in the honeybee gut. Genomic evidence suggests that the bee gut microbes Snodgrassella alvi and Gilliamella apicola depend upon one another for production of nutrients. G. apicola metabolizes carbohydrates that S. alvi cannot, and metabolizes sugars found in nectar that are toxic to honey bees. This project will use isotopically-labeled monosaccharides that can be utilized by G. apicola, but not by S. alvi or the host, to trace metabolic interactions in the bee gut. DNA-stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP) will be used to track incorporation of labeled carbon atoms into bacterial DNA, while incorporation of these atoms into host tissues will be measured through elemental analysis and isotope ratio mass spectrometry. This research will contribute to a greater fundamental understanding of the processes that govern cooperative metabolic interactions among members of the gut microbiota and between the microbiota and the host, and will demonstrate the important potential role of SIP methods in hypothesis testing in microbial community ecology, a framework in which it is uncommonly used.

授粉媒介的健康对农业和自然生态系统都很重要，而最重要的传粉媒介之一，尤其是在农业中，是蜂蜜蜜蜂。在这个项目中，研究人员将专注于蜜蜂肠道中的细菌，因为肠道细菌会影响动物的健康。他们将研究这些细菌如何相互作用，因为这对于稳定的肠道细菌群落的稳定性以及它们与宿主动物的相互作用非常重要。研究人员将继续与蜜蜂肠道中的两个关键细菌一起工作。他们已经展示了这些细菌如何伴有毒素可以相互攻击。但是，在某些情况下，这些细菌很可能也互相帮助。研究人员将使用最近开发的方法来研究这些细菌是否以及如何将养分彼此以及宿主蜜蜂传递给宿主。这将有助于了解蜜蜂态细菌社区如何随着时间的流逝保持稳定。这将有助于开发改善蜜蜂健康的新路线。此外，在项目毕业生和本科研究人员的过程中，将接受微生物学的最先进方法培​​训。AS昆虫可以占用并利用碳水化合物发酵的副产品，Honeybees可以通过对毒品糖糖和毒素糖的生产而产生的饮食型和副产品的生产来受益。为了更好地了解肠道社区中合作代谢相互作用的作用，该项目将追踪蜜蜂肠道中的营养交换。基因组证据表明，蜜蜂肠道微生物Snodgrassella alvi和Gilliamella apicola彼此依赖于营养。 G. Apicola代谢了S. alvi不能的碳水化合物，并代谢在花蜜中发现的糖对蜜蜂有毒。该项目将使用G. apicola可以使用的同位标记的单糖，但不能由S. alvi或host使用，以追踪蜜蜂肠中的代谢相互作用。 DNA稳定的同位素探测（DNA-SIP）将用于跟踪将标记的碳原子掺入细菌DNA中，而将这些原子掺入宿主组织中，将通过元素分析和同位素比率质谱法测量。这项研究将有助于对控制肠道菌群成员以及微生物群和宿主之间的合作代谢相互作用的过程有更多的基本了解，并将证明SIP方法在微生物群落生态学中的假设测试中的重要作用，该框架是不公开使用的框架。