Highly Reduced Genomes of Coresident Bacterial Symbionts of Xylem-Feeding Insects: Ecological and Evolutionary Implications

木质部喂养昆虫的共存细菌共生体的高度减少的基因组：生态和进化意义

• 批准号: 0626716
• 负责人: Nancy Moran
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-10-01 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0626716&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Highly; Reduced; Genomes; Coresident; Bacterial

A grant has been awarded the University of Arizona under the direction of Dr. Nancy A. Moran and Dr. Rod Wing to sequence the highly reduced genomes of bacteria that live as symbionts in xylem-feeding insects. Symbiotic bacteria are critical to the development and reproduction of many plants and animals, and their roles are now being explored using genomic approaches. In many animals, symbionts provision nutrients that are lacking in food. Many plant-feeding insects contain specialized bacterial symbionts that are required for normal development and reproduction. These bacteria have been difficult to study in the past because they cannot be grown outside their hosts. However, the capability to sequence their genomes now allows major new understanding of how these organisms function within their hosts. This project will determine and analyze the genomic sequence of symbionts that live in two insect species called sharpshooters, and a spittlebug species, all of which feed on plant xylem and that vector diseases of many crop plants. Each of these hosts contains a pair of symbiotic bacterial species. New approaches to genome sequence determination will be used in this collaboration between Dr. Moran, who investigates bacterial symbiont genomes, and Dr. Wing, who runs a sequencing and genome analysis center focused on plants. Analysis of the genomic sequence potentially will reveal critical aspects of symbiont biology that can be useful in the control of the hosts, which are significant agricultural pests. Results will be integrated in ongoing science education and outreach projects for college students as well as high school teachers and students.

在南希·莫兰（Nancy A. 共生细菌对于许多动植物的发展和繁殖至关重要，现在正在使用基因组方法探索它们的作用。在许多动物中，共生食品中缺乏食物的养分。许多植物喂养的昆虫包含正常发育和繁殖所需的专门细菌共生体。这些细菌过去很难研究，因为它们不能在宿主外生长。但是，对其基因组进行测序的能力现在允许对这些生物在宿主中的作用的重大新的了解。该项目将确定并分析生活在两个称为神枪剂的昆虫物种中的共生体的基因组序列，以及一个吐痰物种，所有这些物种都以植物木质部和许多作物植物的载体疾病为食。这些宿主中的每一个都包含一对共生细菌。基因组序列确定的新方法将用于研究细菌共生基因组的Moran博士和经营着植物的测序和基因组分析中心的Wing博士。对基因组序列的分析可能会揭示共生生物学的关键方面，这些方面可能在控制宿主的控制方面是有用的，这些宿主是重要的农业害虫。 结果将纳入正在进行的科学教育和大学生以及高中老师和学生的宣传项目中。