Collaborative Research: On Wind Turbine Loads Assessment for Fatigue and Extreme Failure Limit States in Contrasting Atmospheric Stability Conditions

0967816/0967482 Manuel/Basu在过去的十年里，风能的增长速度比其他所有可再生能源行业都要快，年增长率超过25%。虽然这是令人鼓舞的消息，但风能也面临三个技术挑战。首先，用于模拟湍流的设计过程中使用的模型不包括可能引入关键事件(例如，涡轮机转子上的高剪切)的大气条件范围，特别是在大平原地区。其次，服役中的风力涡轮机正在老化，故障，特别是由于叶片用复合材料疲劳造成的故障，需要注意。最后，在大气边界层建模和随机风力机气动弹性响应模拟方面的最先进能力的启发下，需要在设计理念和实践方面进行改进。智力价值这项合作研究旨在将风力涡轮机的设计范例扩展到基于可靠性的疲劳和极端极限状态性能评估。具体地说，涡轮机负荷将在反映一系列大气稳定条件的空间结构产生的各种流入湍流流场的情况下进行评估。拟议的工作计划将侧重于发展基于无调谐大涡模拟和中尺度模式预报的四维合成湍流时间序列。这些模拟的流动将提供给公用事业规模的风力涡轮机的气动弹性模型，其响应统计将使用代表长期变化的流入条件的广泛的时域模拟来开发。在评估极限状态时，将分析载荷极值，而在评估疲劳极限状态时，将分析累积损伤和寿命评估。将根据这项研究的结果对当前的设计规范(如国际电工委员会)提出改进建议。这项研究是创新的，研究具有潜在的变革性，因为它将使用真实的大气流动作为风力涡轮机模拟的流入条件。因此，拟议的研究将独特地实现在真实现场条件下模拟风力涡轮机的性能。广泛的影响教育和推广活动以风能为中心。该教育计划将为学生提供机会，在大气科学和风能技术的交界处发展最先进的计算技术技能。将为本科生和研究生提供桑迪亚国家实验室风能技术的暑期实习机会。在K-12级别，PI与德克萨斯州中部和西部当地学区的教师建立了关系，以创建Run on the Wind/Engineering a Clean Tomorrow夏令营。

0967816/0967482Manuel/BasuIn the last decade, wind energy has witnessed faster growth than all other renewable energy sectors, with over 25% annual growth. While this is encouraging news, there are also three technical challenges facing wind energy. First, models used in the design process for simulating turbulence do not cover the range of atmospheric conditions likely to introduce critical events (e.g., high shear across a turbine rotor), especially in the Great Plains region. Second, wind turbines in service are aging, and failures, especially due to fatigue of composite materials used for blades, demand attention. Finally, refinements in design philosophy and practice are needed that are informed by state-of-the-art capabilities in atmospheric boundary layer modeling and stochastic wind turbine aeroelastic response simulation. Intellectual MeritThis collaborative research seeks to extend the design paradigm for wind turbines to the reliability-based assessment of performance against fatigue and extreme limit states. Specifically, turbine loads will be evaluated under various suites of inflow turbulence flow fields generated with spatial structure that reflects a range of atmospheric stability conditions. The proposed work plan will focus on development of four dimensional synthetic turbulence time series based on tuning-free large-eddy simulations along with mesoscale model forecasts. These simulated flows will feed into aeroelastic models of utility-scale wind turbines whose response statistics will be developed using extensive time-domain simulations representing varying inflow conditions over the long term. Load extreme values will be analyzed in evaluating ultimate limit states, whereas cumulative damage and life assessment will be analyzed in evaluating the fatigue limit states. Refinements to current design specifications (e.g. by the International Electrotechnical Commission) will be proposed based on findings from this study.This research is innovative and research is potentially transformative because it will use realistic atmospheric flows as the inflow conditions to the wind turbine simulation. Consequently, the proposed research will uniquely enable the simulation of wind turbine performance under realistic field conditions.Broader ImpactsThe education and outreach activities are centered on wind energy. The education plan will provide opportunities for students to develop skills in state-of-the-art computational techniques at the interface of atmospheric science and wind energy technology. Summer internship opportunities with Sandia National Laboratories in wind energy technology will be provided for undergraduate and graduate students. At the K-12 level, the PIs have established relationships with teachers at local school districts in Central and West Texas to create the Run on the Wind/Engineering a Clean Tomorrow summer camp.