SBIR Phase II: Advanced Biopesticides from Yeast Produced Sophorolipids and Modified Analogs

智力优势：这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）二期项目将进一步发展第一阶段项目的研究成果，该项目致力于通过简单和可扩展的皂荚脂改性开发先进的生物农药。酵母菌念珠菌产生的苦参脂（SLs）的体积产率约为300克/升。I期项目表明，通过对未精制的天然SLs进行简单的化学修饰，鉴定出了一系列五种高活性先导化合物，它们对所有三种主要真菌群具有广谱活性，这些真菌群会导致重要商业植物的严重疾病。通过对SL脂肪酸羧基的酰胺化（例如- NH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2），或通过降低SL脂肪酸双键，衍生物对病原体的活性大大增加。酰胺sl衍生物的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值通常与经测试的商用杀菌剂相当。更广泛的影响/商业潜力：本研究的更广泛影响是通过开发一种生物农药，通过高效的微生物发酵生产，然后进行简单的化学改性，以提高自然性能，从而解决绿色农产品的市场拉动问题。年代分子。我们的目标是创造一种优良的生物农药产品，既不损害环境，对经常处理这些材料的农民来说是安全的，又能为消费者提供安全的食品。合成酶生物农药将为正在进行的绿色食品生产革命做出贡献。它们进入市场预计将取代越来越多的合成化学农药在整个季节的疾病控制计划中。此外，需要新的安全的生物农药来取代由于法规收紧以及对其污染和健康危害的日益关注而被禁止的化学农药。

Intellectual Merits: This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase II project will address further development of findings from the Phase I Project addressing development of advanced biopesticides by simple and scalable modification of sophorolipids. The yeast Candida bombicola produces sophorolipids (SLs) in volumetric yields of ~ 300 g/L. The Phase I program demonstrated that by simple chemical modification of unrefined natural SLs, a series of five highly active lead compounds were identified which possess broad spectrum activity against all three major fungal groups that cause serious diseases in commercially important plants. By amidation of the SL fatty acid carboxyl group (e.g. - NH2CH2CH2N(CH3)2), or by reduction of the SL-fatty acid double bond, derivative activity against pathogens greatly increased. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of amide SL-derivatives were generally on a par with tested commercial fungicides.Broader Impacts/Commercial Potential: The broader impacts of this research address the market pull for green agricultural products by developing a bio-pesticide produced via an efficient microbial fermentation followed by simple chemical modification to improve the performance of nature?s molecules. The goal is to create a superior bio-pesticide product that does not harm the environment, is safe for farmers that regularly handle these materials, and to provide safe food for consumers. SyntheZyme bio-pesticides will contribute to the on-going green food-production revolution. Their introduction into the market is expected to replace an increasing fraction of synthetic chemical pesticides during season-long disease control programs. Furthermore, new safe bio-pesticides are needed to replace chemical pesticides now banned due to tightened regulations and increased concerns about their pollution and health hazards.