Doctoral Dissertation Improvement: Comparative Positional Behavior of Asian Hominoidea.

博士论文改进：亚洲人科动物的比较位置行为。

• 批准号: 1061477
• 负责人: Susan Ford
• 金额: $ 2万
• 依托单位: Southern Illinois University at Carbondale
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1061477&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Comparative; Positional

Body size is a major constraint in the arboreal milieu, and orthograde (upright) locomotor and postural behaviors are thought to have conveyed substantial advantages to the evolutionary development of the relatively large-bodied apes (hominoids). The results from this study will expand the current understanding of hominoid, especially gibbon, positional behavior. Additionally, as resource competitors of the critically endangered Sumatran orangutan, data on the positional behavior, forest use, and feeding/foraging strategies of endangered sympatric gibbons represents a key component to the conservation strategies at West Batang Toro, North Sumatra, Indonesia (WBT). This study also integrates with a larger project on the biodiversity of WBT, involving local and international researchers with diverse specializations, and will therefore also facilitate cross-national and inter-disciplinary ties. Lastly, the Co-PI will help educate Indonesian students and surrounding local communities about WBT and its ecological benefits. While studies have addressed how body size and positional behavior covary among the largest representatives of this taxonomic group, far less has been reported on this relationship for the small-bodied hylobatids. This is particularly interesting as these anatomically and behaviorally specialized primates are thought to represent a lineage that has evolutionarily reduced in body size and fine-tuned the ape pattern of generalized orthogrady in order to more efficiently exploit the arboreal canopy. As a test of this hypothesis, the relationships between body size, habitat use, and positional behavior of size-variable sympatric gibbons (Hylobates agilis) and siamangs (Symphalangus syndactylus) are examined at WBT. Previously collected data by the Co-PI for Hylobates lar from Khao Yai National Park, Thailand is also used for comparison. Additionally, data from this study are compared with previously published data for other hominoids, atelids, cebids, and cercopithecoids in order to reevaluate ape locomotor and postural specializations.

体型是树栖环境中的一个主要限制因素，直行（直立）运动和姿势行为被认为为相对较大体型的猿（类人猿）的进化发展带来了巨大的优势。 这项研究的结果将扩大目前对人科动物，特别是长臂猿位置行为的理解。此外，作为极度濒危的苏门答腊猩猩的资源竞争者，有关濒危同域长臂猿的位置行为、森林利用和摄食/觅食策略的数据是印度尼西亚北苏门答腊岛西巴唐托罗 (WBT) 保护战略的关键组成部分。这项研究还与一个关于 WBT 生物多样性的更大项目相结合，涉及具有不同专业的本地和国际研究人员，因此也将促进跨国和跨学科的联系。最后，Co-PI 将帮助印度尼西亚学生和周边当地社区了解 WBT 及其生态效益。虽然研究已经解决了该分类群最大代表之间的体型大小和位置行为如何共变的问题，但关于体型较小的长臂猿的这种关系的报道却少之又少。这是特别有趣的，因为这些解剖学和行为学上特化的灵长类动物被认为代表了一个在进化上身体尺寸减小的谱系，并微调了广义正交进化的猿模式，以便更有效地利用树冠。作为对这一假设的检验，WBT 对体型可变的同域长臂猿 (Hylobates agilis) 和合趾猿 (Symphalangus syndactylus) 的体型、栖息地利用和位置行为之间的关系进行了研究。联合首席研究员之前从泰国考艾国家公园收集的长臂猿数据也用于比较。此外，本研究的数据还与之前发表的其他类人猿、ateelids、cebids 和 cercopithecoids 的数据进行了比较，以便重新评估猿的运动和姿势专业化。