Doctoral Dissertation Research in DRMS: The Effects of Sleep Restriction on Adolescents' Pedestrian Safety

DRMS 博士论文研究：睡眠限制对青少年行人安全的影响

• 批准号: 1061977
• 负责人: David Schwebel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Alabama at Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-03-15 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1061977&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; DRMS; Effects

Every year thousands of adolescents require medical attention due to pedestrian injury. Many factors contribute to safe pedestrian behavior. Among them are reaction time, impulsivity, risk-taking, and attention. Sleep deprivation negatively influences these same characteristics that influence pedestrian safety. This study will investigate whether sleep restriction reduces adolescents' pedestrian safety. Subjects will engage in a virtual reality pedestrian environment in two conditions: a sleep deprived condition (4 hours sleep the previous night) and an adequate sleep condition (8 hours sleep the previous night). Adolescents may be riskier pedestrians when sleep deprived compared to when adequately rested. Risk will be displayed in a virtual pedestrian environment through increased numbers of close calls, hits, and missed safe opportunities, longer start delays, decreased gap sizes, and less attention to traffic. The study will have broad implications in two areas. First, it will provide new knowledge to help inform policy decisions, such as school start times. Second, research demonstrating the increased pedestrian risk of sleep restricted adolescents might promote parental enforcement of earlier bedtimes on nights before adolescents will be walking somewhere (or, alternatively, encourage parents to drive their adolescents to school on mornings when they were unable to sleep an adequate amount). Each of these outcomes could ultimately result in fewer pedestrian injuries in adolescents. Overall, this study may raise awareness about the significance of adequate sleep in adolescents and promote healthier sleep habits.

每年都有数以千计的青少年因行人受伤而需要医疗护理。影响行人安全行为的因素很多。其中包括反应时间、冲动、冒险和注意力。睡眠不足会对这些影响行人安全的特征产生负面影响。这项研究将调查睡眠限制是否会降低青少年的行人安全。受试者将在两个条件下进入虚拟现实行人环境：睡眠不足条件(前一天晚上睡4个小时)和充足睡眠条件(前一天晚上睡8个小时)。与充分休息时相比，青少年在睡眠不足时可能会更危险。风险将显示在虚拟行人环境中，通过增加死里逃生、命中和错过安全机会的数量、更长的启动延迟、减小间隙大小以及减少对交通的关注。这项研究将在两个领域产生广泛影响。首先，它将提供新的知识，帮助制定政策决策，例如学校开学时间。其次，研究表明，睡眠受限的青少年步行的风险增加，可能会促使父母在青少年步行前的晚上提前就寝(或者，鼓励父母在孩子无法充足睡眠的早上开车送他们去学校)。这些结果中的每一个最终都可以减少青少年的行人伤害。总体而言，这项研究可能会提高人们对青少年充足睡眠重要性的认识，并促进更健康的睡眠习惯。