New Frontiers in Nuclear Astrophysics

中微子可以打开核天体物理学的新前沿，中微子从密集和遥远的区域逃逸，揭示了天体物理源的微物理、动力机制和动力学。反过来，这些源的极端物理条件探测到了未经测试的中微子性质范围，促进了对弱相互作用和可能的新相互作用的了解。该奖项支持的理论项目使用中微子和其他新的信使来解决核天体物理学中长期存在的问题，弱相互作用，特别是它们之间的联系。主要的焦点是扩散的超新星中微子背景，即来自宇宙中所有核心坍塌的中微子和反中微子的流量，这是一个接近探测到的有保证的来源。第二个重点是寻找新的中微子源，并努力将它们转移到已检测到或保证的类别。这些项目的跨学科工作将核物理的中心课题与天体物理、宇宙学和粒子物理的前沿研究联系起来。它还将理论工作与实验和观测工作联系起来，从地下实验室到卫星调查。因此，参与这项研究的研究生和博士后将接受与当前和计划中的实验设施投资相关的前沿跨学科主题的培训。为了最大限度地发挥更广泛的影响，拟议的工作包括在研究、指导、教学和服务方面综合努力的基础上进行外联，包括向服务不足的人群，特别是聋人和重听者提供服务。

New Frontiers in Nuclear Astrophysics can be opened with neutrinos, which escape from dense and distant regions, revealing the microphysics, power mechanisms, and dynamics of astrophysical sources. In turn, the extreme physical conditions of such sources probe untested ranges of neutrino properties, advancing knowledge of the weak and possible new interactions. The theoretical projects supported by this award use neutrinos and other new messengers to attack long-standing questions in nuclear astrophysics, weak interactions, and especially their connections. The primary focus is on the Diffuse Supernova Neutrino Background, the flux of neutrinos and antineutrinos from all core collapses in the universe, a guaranteed source that is near detection. A secondary focus is on prospecting for new neutrino sources and working to move them to the detected or guaranteed category.The interdisciplinary work of these projects connects central topics in nuclear physics to frontier research in astrophysics, cosmology, and particle physics. It also connects theoretical efforts to experimental and observational efforts ranging from underground laboratories to satellite surveys. Graduate students and postdocs participating in this research will thus receive training in forefront interdisciplinary topics relevant to present and planned investments in experimental facilities. To maximize broader impacts, the proposed work includes outreach based on integrated efforts in research, mentoring, teaching, and service, including with under-served populations, especially the Deaf and Hard of Hearing.