Mathematical Theory of Radiation Transport: Nuclear Technology Frontiers (MaThRad)

辐射传输数学理论：核技术前沿（MaThRad）

• 批准号: EP/W026899/1
• 负责人: Andreas Kyprianou
• 金额: $ 764.7万
• 依托单位: University of Bath
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FW026899%2F1
• 关键词: Mathematical; Theory; Radiation; Transport; Nuclear

Nuclear technology is, by definition, based around the principle of subatomic physics and the interaction of radiation particles with materials. Whilst the microscopic behaviour of such systems is well understood, the degree of inhomogeneity involved means that the ability to predict the flux of particles through complex physical environments on the macroscopic (human) scale is a significant challenge. This lies at the heart of how we design, regulate and operate some of the most important technologies for the twenty-first century. This includes building new reactors (fission and fusion), decommissioning old ones, medical radiation therapy, as well as opening the way forward into space technologies through e.g. the development of space-bound mini-reactors for off-world bases and protection for high-tech equipment exposed to high-energy radiation such as satellites and spacesuits. Accurate prediction of how radiation interacts with surrounding matter is based on modelling through the so-called Boltzmann transport equation (BTE). Many of the existing methods used in this field date back decades and rely on principles of simulated (e.g. neutron) particle counting obtained by Monte Carlo and other numerical methods. Input from the mathematical sciences community since the 1980s has been limited. In the meantime, various mathematical theories have since emerged that present the opportunity for entirely new approaches. Together with powerful modern HPC and smarter algorithms, they have the capacity to handle significantly more complex scenarios e.g. time dependence, rare-event sampling and variance reduction as well as multi-physics modelling.This five-year interdisciplinary programme of research will combine modern mathematical methods from probability theory, advanced Monte Carlo methods and inverse problems to develop novel approaches to the theory and application of radiation transport. We will pursue an interactive exploration of foundational, translational and application-driven research; developing predictive models with quantifiable accuracy and software prototypes, ready for real-world implementation in the energy, healthcare and space nuclear industries. This programme grant will unite complementary research groups from mathematics, engineering and medical physics, leading to sustained critical mass in academic knowledge and expertise. Through a diverse team of researchers, we will lead advances in radiation modelling that are disruptive to the current paradigm, ensuring that the UK is at the forefront of the 21st century nuclear industry.

根据定义，核技术基于亚原子物理学原理以及辐射粒子与材料的相互作用。虽然此类系统的微观行为已被很好地理解，但所涉及的不均匀程度意味着在宏观（人类）尺度上预测粒子通过复杂物理环境的通量的能力是一个重大挑战。这是我们如何设计、监管和操作二十一世纪一些最重要技术的核心。这包括建造新反应堆（裂变和聚变）、旧反应堆退役、医学放射治疗，以及通过太空技术等开辟太空技术的发展道路。为地外基地开发太空微型反应堆，并保护暴露于高能辐射的高科技设备，例如卫星和宇航服。辐射如何与周围物质相互作用的准确预测基于通过所谓的玻尔兹曼传输方程（BTE）进行的建模。该领域使用的许多现有方法可以追溯到几十年前，并且依赖于通过蒙特卡罗和其他数值方法获得的模拟（例如中子）粒子计数原理。自 20 世纪 80 年代以来，数学科学界的投入一直有限。与此同时，各种数学理论的出现为全新的方法提供了机会。与强大的现代 HPC 和更智能的算法相结合，它们有能力处理更加复杂的场景，例如。时间依赖性、稀有事件采样和方差减少以及多物理建模。这个为期五年的跨学科研究计划将结合概率论、先进蒙特卡罗方法和反问题的现代数学方法，开发辐射传输理论和应用的新方法。我们将追求基础、转化和应用驱动研究的互动探索；开发具有可量化准确性的预测模型和软件原型，为能源、医疗保健和太空核工业的实际实施做好准备。该项目拨款将联合来自数学、工程和医学物理学的互补研究小组，从而在学术知识和专业知识方面形成持续的临界质量。通过多元化的研究团队，我们将引领辐射建模领域的进步，颠覆当前的范式，确保英国处于 21 世纪核工业的前沿。

项目成果

Yaglom limit for critical nonlocal branching Markov processes

• DOI: 10.1214/22-aop1585
• 发表时间: 2022-11
• 期刊: The Annals of Probability
• 作者: S. Harris;E. Horton;A. Kyprianou;Minmin Wang

A nodally bound-preserving finite element method

一种节点守界有限元方法

• DOI: 10.1093/imanum/drad055
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis
• 影响因子: 2.1
• 作者: Barrenechea G

Enhancing landslide predictability: Validating geophysical surveys for soil moisture detection in 2D and 3D scenarios

增强滑坡的可预测性：验证 2D 和 3D 场景中土壤湿度检测的地球物理调查

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104664
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of South American Earth Sciences
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Bortolozo C