Kinetics of Non-Equilibrium Fast Ionization Wave Plasmas in Gas Phase and Gas-Liquid Interface

由于非平衡等离子体化学在燃料重整、有害气体减排、等离子体辅助燃烧和等离子体流量控制等工程应用中的重要性，近年来得到了广泛的研究。在这些应用中使用非平衡等离子体既需要了解所涉及的基本动力学过程，也需要在高压、高能量负载和大体积(大表面积)下产生、控制和表征这些等离子体的能力。快速电离波(FIW)放电是一种很有前途的方法，可以在很宽的压力范围内产生大体积、扩散的非平衡等离子体。在这种方法中，使用高峰值电压(约10-100千伏)、约10-100纳秒持续时间的电压脉冲来产生电离波(波速为几厘米/纳秒)，传播距离长达几十厘米。在波前获得的高电子能量极大地加速了诸如分子解离等关键的等离子体过程，从而产生了活性自由基物种。该项目重点是对FIW等离子体的物理和化学进行全面和基本的实验研究，包括一套全面的基于激光的光学诊断技术。除了其技术目标外，该计划还将反映许多所述的NSF标准，以产生更广泛的影响。特别是，该计划将通过i)促进研究生和本科生的直接参与，以及ii)将诊断方法、建模工具和主要发现纳入俄亥俄州立大学的本科生和研究生的机械工程课程，从而促进“发现和理解”。还将尽一切努力扩大个人对研究计划的参与，这些个人来自传统上在机械工程和化学领域代表性较低的群体。继续开发的FIW技术还将有助于加强美国(和世界)的高压等离子体基础设施，有可能实现广泛的应用，如：下一代高速喷气式飞机的点火和火焰控制；高功率气体动力激光；以及等离子体空气动力流动控制。通过与美国空军、美国国家航空航天局和各种小企业的合作，联合PIS积极参与将等离子体和先进的光学诊断技术不断发展，转移到政府和工业部门。最后，通过维持一个活跃的网站，并通过学生和PI参加国家和国际会议，主要成果将迅速传播给广大科学界和教育界。

Nonequilibrium plasma chemistry has been extensively studied recently due to its importance for a variety of engineering applications such as fuel reforming, hazardous emissions reduction,plasma assisted combustion, and plasma flow control. The use of nonequilibrium plasmas for these applications requires both understanding of fundamental kinetic processes involved, and the ability to generate, control, and characterize these plasmas at high pressures, high energy loadings, and in large volumes (over large surface areas). A promising method of generating large-volume, diffuse nonequilibrium plasmas in a wide range of pressures is what is known as the Fast Ionization Wave (FIW) discharge. In this approach, high peak voltage (approximately 10-100 kiloVolt),approximately 10-100 nanosecond duration voltage pulses are used to generate an ionization wave (wave speed of a few cm/nsec) propagating over large distances, up to several tens of centimeters. High electron energy achieved in the wave front dramatically accelerates key plasma processes such as molecular dissociation, thus generating reactive radical species. The project focuses on a comprehensive and fundamental experimental study of the physics and chemistry of FIW plasmas, featuring incorporation of a comprehensive suite of laser-baseed optical diagnostic techniques.In addition its technical goals, the program will also reflect many of the stated NSF criteria for broader impact. In particular, the program will advance "discovery and understanding" by i), direct involvement of graduate and undergraduate students, and ii), incorporation of the diagnostic methods, modeling tools, and principal findings into the undergraduate and graduate Mechanical Engineering curriculum at OSU. Every effort will also be made to broaden the participation in the research program of individuals from groups traditionally underrepresented in mechanical engineering and chemistry. The continued development FIW technology will also serve to enhance the high pressure plasma infrastructure of the U.S (and the world), potentially enabling a wide variety of applications such as: ignition and flame-holding in next generation high speed jet aircraft; high power gas dynamic lasers; and plasma aerodynamic flow control. The co-PIs are actively engaged in the transfer of plasma and advanced optical diagnostic technology as it is continually developed, to the government and industrial sectors through collaborations with the U.S Air Force, NASA, and a variety of small businesses. Finally, by maintaining an active web site, and by student and PI participation in national and international meetings, the principal findings will be rapidly disseminated to the scientific and educational communities at large.