Coupling a Single Vortex in a Superconductor to a Single Microwave Photon

将超导体中的单个涡旋耦合到单个微波光子

• 批准号: 1105197
• 负责人: Britton Plourde
• 金额: $ 34.5万
• 依托单位: Syracuse University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1105197&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Coupling; Single; Vortex; Superconductor; Microwave

****Technical Abstract****Vortices in superconductors have been studied from a variety of vantage points, including for the many key technological applications of superconductors in the modern world. Nonetheless, some fundamental questions remain, such as the possibility for a vortex to tunnel through a classically forbidden barrier. In the field of quantum coherent superconducting devices, recent dramatic advances have made it possible to produce resonant circuits that can store a single quantized excitation of the microwave field, or photon. In this project, experiments will be performed to study the dynamics of a single vortex coupled to a single microwave photon, thus applying state-of-the-art quantum coherent circuit technology to address key fundamental problems in condensed matter physics. Following the fabrication of nanoscale vortex confining structures, measurements of the resonators at millikelvin temperatures will provide a unique probe of the dynamics of a single vortex. In addition, such structures will allow for studies of the coupling of a single microwave photon to quantized amounts of dissipation as vortices are added one at a time. The proposed work will engage a diverse team of students in cutting-edge scientific endeavors and will provide them with training in key technological areas such as nanofabrication and microwave engineering. Public lectures will also be given describing the nature of single vortices in superconductors and their coupling to microwave quanta. ****Non-Technical Abstract****Over a range of magnetic fields, many different superconductors are threaded by vortices, which are quantized bundles of magnetic flux. These vortices have been studied from a variety of vantage points, including for the many technological applications of superconductors in the modern world. Nonetheless, some fundamental questions remain, such as the possibility for a vortex to tunnel quantum mechanically through a barrier. In the field of quantum coherent superconducting devices, recent dramatic advances have made it possible to produce circuits that can store a single quantized microwave excitation, or photon. In this project, experiments will be performed to study the dynamics of a single vortex coupled to a single microwave photon, thus applying state-of-the-art quantum coherent circuit technology to address key fundamental problems in condensed matter physics. Following the fabrication of vortex confining structures at the nearby, NSF-funded Cornell NanoScale Facility, measurements at temperatures near absolute zero will provide a unique probe of the dynamics of a single vortex. Such structures will also allow for coupling a single microwave photon to quantized amounts of dissipation as vortices are added one at a time. The proposed work will engage a diverse team of students in cutting-edge scientific endeavors and will provide them with training in key areas such as nanofabrication and microwave engineering. Public lectures will also be given describing the nature of single vortices in superconductors and their coupling to microwave quanta.

技术摘要超导体中的涡旋已经从各种有利的角度进行了研究，包括超导体在现代世界中的许多关键技术应用。尽管如此，一些基本的问题仍然存在，例如涡旋是否有可能穿过经典禁止的屏障。在量子相干超导器件领域，最近的巨大进步使制造能够存储微波场或光子的单个量子化激发的谐振电路成为可能。在这个项目中，将进行实验研究单个涡旋耦合到单个微波光子的动力学，从而应用最先进的量子相干电路技术来解决凝聚态物理中的关键基本问题。随着纳米尺度涡旋约束结构的制造，在毫克尔文温度下对谐振器的测量将为单个涡旋的动力学提供一个独特的探针。此外，这种结构将允许研究单个微波光子与量化的耗散量的耦合，因为涡旋是一次添加一个。拟议的工作将使不同的学生团队参与尖端科学努力，并将为他们提供关键技术领域的培训，如纳米制造和微波工程。还将举行公开讲座，介绍超导体中单涡的性质及其与微波量子的耦合。*非技术摘要*在一定的磁场范围内，许多不同的超导体被涡旋缠绕在一起，涡旋是量化的磁通束。人们从不同的角度研究了这些涡旋，包括超导体在现代世界中的许多技术应用。尽管如此，一些基本的问题仍然存在，例如涡旋以量子力学的方式穿过势垒的可能性。在量子相干超导器件领域，最近的巨大进步使制造能够存储单个量子化的微波激发或光子的电路成为可能。在这个项目中，将进行实验研究单个涡旋耦合到单个微波光子的动力学，从而应用最先进的量子相干电路技术来解决凝聚态物理中的关键基本问题。在附近由美国国家科学基金会资助的康奈尔纳米尺度设施制造出涡旋约束结构后，在绝对零度附近进行的温度测量将为单一涡旋的动力学提供一个独特的探测器。这种结构还将允许将单个微波光子与量化的耗散量相耦合，因为涡旋一次添加一个。拟议的工作将使不同的学生团队参与尖端科学努力，并将为他们提供关键领域的培训，如纳米制造和微波工程。还将举行公开讲座，介绍超导体中单涡的性质及其与微波量子的耦合。