ICE-T: In-Cloud Measurements of Black Carbon, Dust, CCN, Cloud Droplet Size and Ice Particle Shapes Over the Caribbean Sea

ICE-T：加勒比海上空黑碳、灰尘、CCN、云滴尺寸和冰粒形状的云内测量

• 批准号: 1106543
• 负责人: Gregory Kok
• 金额: $ 19.68万
• 依托单位: Droplet Measurement Technologies
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-15 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1106543&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ICE; Cloud; Measurements; Black; Carbon

This two-year effort will support collection and interpretation of fundamental aerosol and cloud microphysical measurements from instrumentation developed by Droplet Measurement Technology, Inc. (DMT) as operated aboard the NSF/NCAR C-130 aircraft during the ICE-T (the "Ice in Clouds Experiment-Tropical") field campaign. Unambiguous measurements of the mass of refractory black carbon (soot) particles to be made via a single-particle soot spectrometer (SP2), including residuals obtained from cloud droplet and ice crystal residues, will serve to describe how soot and dust particles are removed from the atmosphere as well as if (and perhaps how) these particles serve as efficient ice nuclei. Measurements of aerosol size distributions, shape and refractive index by DMT's aerosol particle spectrometer with depolarization (APSD) instrument will also be obtained.The intellectual merit of this effort rests in the identification of those mechanisms leading to first-ice within comparatively shallow (and relatively ubiquitous) maritime convective clouds, which owing to their relatively short lifetimes may serve as a source of ambient ice that effectively seeds later developing cumulus clouds at relatively warm (ca. -10 degC) temperatures as well as through secondary ice production. Broader impacts of this research include expanded interactions and synergies between supported investigators active in instrument design with university-based researchers and students specializing in interpretation of large suites of data emerging from these and other instruments. Owing to one co-investigator's affiliation with the National Autonomous University of Mexico (UNAM), international collaborations and contributions to the advancement of science in a developing nation will also be encouraged.

这项为期两年的工作将支持从液滴测量技术公司开发的仪器中收集和解释基本的气溶胶和云微物理测量。(DMT)在ICE-T（“云中冰实验-热带”）野外活动期间，在NSF/NCAR C-130飞机上进行操作。 通过单粒子煤烟谱仪（SP2）对难熔黑碳（煤烟）粒子的质量进行非生物学测量，包括从云滴和冰晶残留物中获得的残留物，将用于描述煤烟和尘埃粒子是如何从大气中去除的，以及这些粒子是否（以及如何）作为有效的冰核。 利用DMT的气溶胶粒子谱仪和消偏振仪（APSD）测量气溶胶粒子的大小分布、形状和折射率。这项工作的智力价值在于确定导致相对较浅区域内初冰的机制。（和相对普遍存在的）海洋对流云，由于它们相对较短的寿命，可以作为环境冰的来源，其有效地播种了后来在相对温暖的温度下发展的积云（约100 ℃）。-10摄氏度）的温度以及通过二次制冰。 这项研究的更广泛的影响包括扩大的互动和协同作用之间的支持调查人员积极参与仪器设计与大学的研究人员和学生专门从事解释大套房的数据出现从这些和其他仪器。 由于一名共同研究员与墨西哥国立自治大学有联系，还将鼓励国际合作和对发展中国家科学进步的贡献。