Dissertation Research: The role of history in adaptation to novel environments: the relationship between morphology, performance, and phylogenetic history in frogs

论文研究：历史在适应新环境中的作用：青蛙形态、性能和系统发育历史之间的关系

• 批准号: 1110704
• 负责人: John Wiens
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1110704&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; role; history; adaptation

An unresolved question in evolutionary biology is the extent to which past adaptations influence adaptations of species to a new environment. For example, does past adaptation to an ancestral microhabitat (e.g., trees) constrain adaptation to a novel microhabitat type (e.g., water)? Or does adaptation to a new microhabitat completely erase any traces of previous evolutionary history? This question will be addressed in frogs of the world through measuring performance (e.g., jumping, swimming), body form (e.g., size, shape), and habitat use, and then estimating change during the evolutionary history of frogs via an understanding of evolutionary relationships among species. Data have been collected within China and Colombia, and this grant will extend the sampling to Australia, as well as allowing further work at museums in the U.S. This research will lead to an understanding of the influence of historical influences (e.g., previous habitat use and adaptations to it) on subsequent evolutionary change, something that has not previously been well understood. Furthermore, this project will result in the training of undergraduate students in research in evolutionary biology, as well as develop international collaboration with scientists from Australia and develop cross-cultural understanding through outreach presentations, both in the U.S. and Australia.

进化生物学中一个悬而未决的问题是，过去的适应在多大程度上影响物种对新环境的适应。例如，过去对祖先微生境(例如，树木)的适应是否限制了对新的微生境类型(例如，水)的适应？或者，适应一个新的微生境会完全抹去之前进化历史的任何痕迹吗？这个问题将通过测量性能(例如，跳跃、游泳)、身体形态(例如，大小、形状)和栖息地利用来解决世界青蛙，然后通过了解物种之间的进化关系来估计青蛙进化史中的变化。中国和哥伦比亚已经收集了数据，这笔赠款将把采样扩展到澳大利亚，并允许在美国的博物馆进行进一步的工作。这项研究将导致理解历史影响(例如，以前的栖息地使用和适应)对后续进化变化的影响，这一点以前没有得到很好的理解。此外，该项目将对本科生进行进化生物学研究方面的培训，并发展与澳大利亚科学家的国际合作，并通过在美国和澳大利亚的外联演讲发展跨文化理解。