CIF: Small: Collaborative Research: Signal processing for enabling high speed probe based nanoimaging

CIF：小型：协作研究：用于实现基于高速探针的纳米成像的信号处理

• 批准号: 1116322
• 负责人: Aditya Ramamoorthy
• 金额: $ 24.54万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-07-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1116322&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CIF; Small; Collaborative; Research; Signal

A key enabler of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology is the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) that has opened up new realms, of interrogation and manipulation of matter at the atomic scale. It has resulted in breakthroughs in understanding sub-atomic molecular structure, protein folding dynamics and materials characterization. The potential impact of significantly faster AFM based imaging is immense, e.g., it will allow the study of dynamics of material at the nanoscale that was hitherto not accessible. The aim of this research is to study modern signal processing techniques that achieve gains in imaging speeds by an order of magnitude. The investigators will push the synergistic transfer of knowhow between the engineering and the AFM communities through student visits and specialized workshops. The findings will be integrated at appropriate levels into the undergraduate and graduate curriculum.The main component of an AFM is a cantilever that deflects in response to forces at the pico-Newton scale. The focus of this research is the dynamic mode AFM operation, where the cantilever gently taps the sample being imaged; the mode of choice for imaging biological samples. Even though forces do form a good indicator of sample topography, the system memory and the nonlinearities of the AFM system dynamics preclude a direct mapping of the cantilever forces into a finer description of topography, especially at high imaging speeds. The investigators model the complex nanoscale interactions in a mathematically tractable manner that facilitates the development of maximum a posteriori (MAP) sequence detection of the sample features. Factor graph representations and the development of appropriate inference schemes will be studied. The algorithms will be implemented on FPGAs and tested exhaustively with experimental data.

纳米科学和纳米技术的关键推动者是原子力显微镜（AFM），它开辟了在原子尺度上对物质进行询问和操纵的新领域。它在亚原子分子结构、蛋白质折叠动力学和材料表征方面取得了突破。以AFM为基础的更快成像的潜在影响是巨大的，例如，它将允许在纳米尺度上研究材料的动力学，这是迄今为止无法实现的。本研究的目的是研究现代信号处理技术，使成像速度提高一个数量级。研究人员将通过学生访问和专门研讨会推动工程和AFM社区之间的知识协同转移。研究结果将在适当的层次上纳入本科和研究生课程。AFM的主要组成部分是悬臂梁，它在皮牛顿尺度上响应力而偏转。本研究的重点是动态模式AFM操作，其中悬臂轻轻敲击被成像的样品；生物样品成像的选择模式。尽管力确实形成了样品地形的良好指标，但系统记忆和AFM系统动力学的非线性排除了将悬臂力直接映射到更精细的地形描述中，特别是在高成像速度下。研究人员以数学上易于处理的方式模拟了复杂的纳米级相互作用，从而促进了样品特征的最大后验（MAP）序列检测的发展。因子图表示和适当的推理方案的发展将被研究。这些算法将在fpga上实现，并通过实验数据进行详尽的测试。