Computational nanoscience for energy-efficient electronic and thermoelectric materials and devices

节能电子和热电材料及器件的计算纳米科学

• 批准号: 1122690
• 负责人: Zlatan Aksamija
• 金额: $ 24万
• 依托单位: Aksamija Zlatan
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-08-01 至 2014-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1122690&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Computational; nanoscience; energy; efficient; electronic

As the progress in nanotechnology continues, aggressive scaling and miniaturization of electronic circuits has reached a fundamental limit set by dissipation. At the same time, dwindling natural resources threaten to increase the cost of energy sources, and limit energy consumption not just in electronic devices, but on a much broader scale. In addition, popularity of portable consumer electronics has put a strain on limited portable energy sources and small batteries cannot keep pace with increasingly power-hungry gadgets. Combined, these trends highlight the need for electronic materials and devices that treat energy in a fundamentally new way and use thermal effects to their advantage in order to recapture, store, and manipulate thermal energy rather than treating it as a waste by-product of electronic and other processes.This research involves comprehensive simulation of coupled electro-thermal and thermoelectric transport in semiconductor nanostructures. The results of this work allow a fundamental understanding of non-linear and non-equilibrium electrical and thermal transport in nanostructures, and enable the design of more energy efficient semiconductor devices by minimizing dissipation, recovering waste heat through the thermoelectric Peltier effect, and improving thermal management on the circuit level by using efficient nanostructured thermoelectrics. In addition, the investigators explore the design of advanced nanoscale control of heat transfer, and design nanoscale thermal rectifiers, heat valves, and novel devices based on using heat storage and transport as an additional state variable in electronic circuits. The investigators use the nanoHUB and thermalHUB on-line scientific portals to disseminate results and make this work available to the broader scientific community, allowing students and researchers to benefit from NSF's investment into computational science and cyberinfrastructure

随着纳米技术的不断进步，电子电路的大规模缩放和小型化已经达到了耗散所设定的基本极限。与此同时，自然资源的减少可能会增加能源成本，并不仅限制电子设备的能源消耗，而且限制更广泛的能源消耗。此外，便携式消费电子产品的普及给有限的便携式能源带来了压力，小型电池无法跟上日益耗电的小工具的步伐。综合起来，这些趋势凸显了电子材料和设备需要以全新的方式处理能源，并利用热效应来重新捕获、存储和操纵热能，而不是将其视为电子和其他过程的废物副产品。这项研究涉及半导体纳米结构中耦合电热和热电输运的综合模拟。这项工作的结果使我们能够对纳米结构中的非线性和非平衡电和热传输有一个基本的了解，并通过最大限度地减少耗散、通过热电珀耳帖效应回收废热以及通过使用高效的纳米结构热电材料改善电路级的热管理来设计更节能的半导体器件。此外，研究人员还探索了先进的纳米级传热控制设计，并设计了纳米级热整流器、热阀和基于使用热存储和传输作为电子电路中的附加状态变量的新型装置。研究人员使用 nanoHUB 和 ThermalHUB 在线科学门户来传播结果，并将这项工作提供给更广泛的科学界，使学生和研究人员能够从 NSF 对计算科学和网络基础设施的投资中受益