Collaborative Research: Late Quaternary Paleoenvironments of Cuatro Cienegas, Mexico, a Hotspot of Endemism in North America

合作研究:墨西哥四纪晚期古环境,墨西哥特有现象热点地区

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1125549
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 4.05万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2011-08-01 至 2014-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Sediments in lakes and wetlands preserve important evidence of changes in Earth's climate, vegetation, and ecological dynamics over the past 20,000 years. In this project, researchers will study sedimentary archives to document the ecological and environmental history of the Cuatro Ciénegas valley in the Chihuahuan desert of northern Mexico. Cuatro Ciénegas is home to a unique desert spring system that supports North America's highest concentration of endemic species, garnering comparisons to the Galapagos Islands. The high endemism of the Cuatro Ciénegas biota has been explained as a consequence of long-term isolation and environmental stability in the valley. A pollen record from a sediment core analyzed in the 1970s was originally interpreted as supporting this hypothesis, but recent reevaluation of the original record, along with new pollen data from a nearby packrat midden, challenged the assumption of long-term environmental stability within the valley. A complication with the old record is uncertainty over early radiocarbon dates on bulk sediment. This research project will make use of two new sediment cores that contain macrofossils suitable for AMS dating along with abundant pollen and charcoal that will provide information on both vegetation and fire history. The researchers will test the hypothesis of long-term stability in the Cuatro Ciénegas valley by documenting, with secure dating and at higher resolution, past environmental conditions in Cuatro Ciénegas. The cores were recovered in 2008 from wetlands in the Reserva Privada Pozas Azules, which contains a large assemblage of sinkhole ponds, or pozas, in various stages of succession. The 12.3 m profile from Poza Cortador spans over 14,000 years and shows evidence of succession from a deep-water poza to a marsh with emergent wetland vegetation. A profile from nearby Poza Tule covers the last c. 5000 years. Continuous depositional environments suitable for pollen preservation are exceptionally rare in the arid regions of North America. The sediment records to be analyzed will provide important evidence of Late Glacial and Holocene conditions in the Chihuahuan Desert and provide insight into the environmental changes that occurred outside of glaciated regions of North America. The Cuatro Ciénegas valley has become a natural laboratory for studying fundamental issues in biogeography, ecology, and evolution, and this research on long-term history will increase the value of this natural laboratory. The results of the research project will inform paleoclimatology and biogeography, and will provide crucial context for the many studies of speciation, coevolution, microbial evolution and astrobiology that focus on the unique species and species assemblages of the Cuatro Ciénegas valley. Project results will also inform ongoing efforts to manage, conserve, and restore the natural resources and endemic biodiversity of Cuatro Ciénegas. The research project will provide educational opportunities for several graduate and undergraduate students, and for K-12 students and others served by project outreach. This project is jointly supported by the Geography and Spatial Sciences Program and the Population and Community Ecology Program.
湖泊和湿地中的沉积物保存了过去两万年来地球气候、植被和生态动态变化的重要证据。在这个项目中,研究人员将研究沉积档案,以记录墨西哥北方奇瓦瓦沙漠中Cuatro Ciénegas山谷的生态和环境历史。Cuatro Ciénegas拥有独特的沙漠泉水系统,支持北美最高浓度的特有物种,可以与加拉帕戈斯群岛进行比较。 Cuatro Ciénegas生物群的高度特有性可以解释为该山谷长期与世隔绝和环境稳定的结果。20世纪70年代分析的沉积物岩芯中的花粉记录最初被解释为支持这一假设,但最近对原始记录的重新评估,沿着来自附近一个食草鼠的新花粉数据,挑战了山谷内长期环境稳定的假设。旧记录的一个复杂之处是对大量沉积物的早期放射性碳年代的不确定性。该研究项目将利用两个新的沉积物岩心,其中含有适合AMS测年的宏体化石沿着丰富的花粉和木炭,这将提供有关植被和火灾历史的信息。研究人员将通过记录Cuatro Ciénegas过去的环境条件,以安全的日期和更高的分辨率来测试Cuatro Ciénegas山谷长期稳定的假设。 这些岩心是2008年从Reserva Privada Pozas Azules的湿地中回收的,该湿地包含大量处于不同演替阶段的天坑池塘或pozas。来自Poza Cortador的12.3米的剖面跨越了14,000多年,显示了从深水poza到湿地植被的演替证据。一个来自附近的Poza Tule的个人资料涵盖了最后一个C。五千年。在北美干旱地区,适合花粉保存的连续沉积环境非常罕见。待分析的沉积物记录将提供奇瓦瓦沙漠晚冰期和全新世条件的重要证据,并提供对北美冰川地区以外发生的环境变化的见解。Cuatro Ciénegas山谷已成为研究地理学,生态学和进化的基本问题的天然实验室,对长期历史的研究将增加这个天然实验室的价值。该研究项目的结果将为古气候学和古地理学提供信息,并将为物种形成,共同进化,微生物进化和天体生物学的许多研究提供重要背景,这些研究侧重于Cuatro Ciénegas山谷的独特物种和物种组合。项目成果还将为正在进行的管理、保护和恢复Cuatro Ciénegas自然资源和地方生物多样性的工作提供信息。该研究项目将为几个研究生和本科生提供教育机会,并为K-12学生和其他项目推广服务。该项目由地理和空间科学计划以及人口和社区生态计划共同支持。

项目成果

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Thomas Minckley其他文献

Developing a geospatial data-driven solution for rapid natural wildfire risk assessment
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102382
  • 发表时间:
    2021-01-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Bishrant Adhikari;Chen Xu;Paddington Hodza;Thomas Minckley
  • 通讯作者:
    Thomas Minckley

Thomas Minckley的其他文献

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