EAGER: SmartGreen: An Adaptive Architecture for Management of Large Energy Storage Systems

全球气候变化、能源成本上涨及其对国家竞争力和安全的影响，使我们面临前所未有的挑战。为了减少温室气体排放和对进口化石燃料的依赖，必须收获尽可能多的可再生能源，这些能源反过来可以受益于能够缓冲可变能源供应的高效大规模能源储存系统。电池技术的最新进展使使用电池储存能量成为可能，然后再使用产生巨大能量负载的平台，如交通工具、家庭和工业建筑。然而，缓慢的改进速度不足以使可充电电池的性能与(例如)传统动力总成(包括汽油内燃机)竞争，并成为有吸引力的替代品。特别是，当大量的电池(例如，特斯拉S车型的6800芯电池包和GM Volt的300芯电池包)放在一起作为一个电池组时，尽管单个电池的质量很高，但它们的电化学相互作用和反应会显著缩短电池组的寿命？S。该研究项目探索高效的电池管理(BM)如何延长电池组的寿命，只要组成电池的电池能持续使用(例如，10？15年)。该项目正在开发一个基于主动监测和控制机制的整体架构SMARTGREEN。SMARTGREEN最大限度地发挥了紧密耦合的电池管理算法、软件(网络)和可重构电池硬件(物理)之间的协同作用。SMARTGREEN专注于：智能监控、主动计算、主动预测和动态重新配置，串联运行以显著延长电池寿命和运行时间。

We are faced with unprecedented challenges stemming from global climate change, rising energy cost, and their impact on national competitiveness and security. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on imported fossil fuels, it is imperative to harvest as much renewable energy as possible, which, in turn, can benefit from efficient large-scale energy storage systems that can buffer variable energy supply. Recent progress in battery technology has made it possible to use batteries to store energy, and then power platforms that incur a significant energy load, such as transportation vehicles, homes, and industrial buildings. However, the slow pace of improvement is insufficient to make the performance of rechargeable batteries competitive with, and an attractive alternative to (for example) conventional powertrains, including gasoline combustion engines. In particular, when a large number of battery cells (e.g., a 6800-cell pack for Tesla S model and a 300-cell pack for GM Volt) are put together as a pack, their electrochemical interaction and reaction can shorten the pack?s life significantly despite the high quality of individual cells. This research project explores how efficient battery management (BM) can extend the pack?s life for as long as the constituent cells can last (e.g., 10?15 years). This project is developing a holistic architecture, SMARTGREEN, based on active monitoring and control mechanisms. SMARTGREEN maximizes the synergy between battery management algorithms, software (cyber), and reconfigurable battery hardware (physical), that are tightly-coupled. SMARTGREEN focuses on: intelligent monitoring, active computation, proactive prognostics, and dynamic reconfiguration, operating in tandem to dramatically extend battery life and operation-time.