EAGER: SmartGreen: An Adaptive Architecture for Management of Large Energy Storage Systems

我们面临着全球气候变化、能源成本上升及其对国家竞争力和安全的影响带来的前所未有的挑战。为了减少温室气体排放和对进口化石燃料的依赖，必须尽可能多地收集可再生能源，这反过来又可以从高效的大型储能系统中受益，该系统可以缓冲可变的能源供应。电池技术的最新进展使得使用电池储存能量，然后为产生大量能量负荷的平台供电成为可能，例如交通工具、家庭和工业建筑。然而，缓慢的改进步伐不足以使可充电电池的性能与传统动力系统（例如，包括汽油燃烧发动机）竞争，并成为一个有吸引力的替代品。特别是当大量的电池（如特斯拉S型的6800个电池组和通用Volt的300个电池组）放在一起时，它们的电化学相互作用和反应会缩短电池组。尽管单个细胞的质量很高，但寿命显著降低。本研究项目探讨如何有效的电池管理（BM）可以扩展包？只要组成细胞能够持续(例如，10？15年)。该项目正在开发一个基于主动监测和控制机制的整体架构SMARTGREEN。SMARTGREEN最大限度地发挥了电池管理算法、软件（网络）和可重构电池硬件（物理）之间紧密耦合的协同作用。SMARTGREEN专注于：智能监控、主动计算、主动预测和动态重新配置，串联操作可显着延长电池寿命和操作时间。

We are faced with unprecedented challenges stemming from global climate change, rising energy cost, and their impact on national competitiveness and security. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on imported fossil fuels, it is imperative to harvest as much renewable energy as possible, which, in turn, can benefit from efficient large-scale energy storage systems that can buffer variable energy supply. Recent progress in battery technology has made it possible to use batteries to store energy, and then power platforms that incur a significant energy load, such as transportation vehicles, homes, and industrial buildings. However, the slow pace of improvement is insufficient to make the performance of rechargeable batteries competitive with, and an attractive alternative to (for example) conventional powertrains, including gasoline combustion engines. In particular, when a large number of battery cells (e.g., a 6800-cell pack for Tesla S model and a 300-cell pack for GM Volt) are put together as a pack, their electrochemical interaction and reaction can shorten the pack?s life significantly despite the high quality of individual cells. This research project explores how efficient battery management (BM) can extend the pack?s life for as long as the constituent cells can last (e.g., 10?15 years). This project is developing a holistic architecture, SMARTGREEN, based on active monitoring and control mechanisms. SMARTGREEN maximizes the synergy between battery management algorithms, software (cyber), and reconfigurable battery hardware (physical), that are tightly-coupled. SMARTGREEN focuses on: intelligent monitoring, active computation, proactive prognostics, and dynamic reconfiguration, operating in tandem to dramatically extend battery life and operation-time.