RAPID: Investigation on the Performance of Buildings with Structural Walls in the Tohoku, Japan, Earthquake of 2011

该快速研究响应（RAPID）奖项的目的是调查2011年日本东北部地震中带有结构墙的建筑物的性能。 本次调查的目的是（1）收集东北地区以结构墙为主的建筑物的抗震性能的定量数据，（2）将其与智利的类似信息进行比较，（3）确定在这两个地方观察到的成功和失败的原因，（4）测试最先进的模拟工具再现现场情况的能力，以及（5）以简短的陈述和/或算法来总结研究结果，这些陈述和/或算法可以用于设计更安全的结构。 智利、日本和美国的建筑标准相当。尽管如此，2010年智利马乌莱地震造成了严重的结构破坏，这表明我们的技术中存在与结构钢筋混凝土墙的中高层建筑抗震相关的关键缺失环节。在智利的康塞普西翁，峰值地面加速度不超过0.4g，近7%的10层以上建筑被疏散并计划拆除。相比之下，2011年日本东北地区的地震引起的地面运动强度与康塞普西翁相当或更大（峰值地面加速度超过2g），但建筑物损坏的频率较低。本次调查所产生的知识将有助于地震地区城市人口的安全。调查将导致消除未来地震中的大规模经济和人员损失。此外，必要的实地考察将涉及学生参加丰富的教育和文化活动。调查结果将通过NEEShub.org向公众公布，这是一个由NSF资助的易于普遍访问的网站，致力于提高工程知识。

The objective of this Rapid Research Response (RAPID) award is to investigate the performance of buildings with structural walls in the Tohoku, Japan, earthquake of 2011. The goals of this investigation are (1) to collect quantitative data on the seismic performance of buildings with dominant structural walls in the Tohoku region, (2) to compare it with similar information obtained in Chile, (3) to identify the causes of successes and failures observed in the two locations, (4) to test the ability of state-of-the-art simulation tools to reproduce what occurred in the field, and (5) to summarize the findings in brief statements and/or algorithms that can be used to design safer structures. Building standards in Chile, Japan, and the US are comparable. Nevertheless, the Maule, Chile, Earthquake of 2010 caused severe structural failures that demonstrated that there are critical missing links in our technology related to earthquake resistance of mid- to high-rise buildings with structural reinforced concrete walls. In Concepción, Chile, where the peak ground acceleration did not exceed 0.4g, nearly 7 percent of the buildings with more than 10 stories were evacuated and scheduled for demolition. In contrast, the intensity of the ground motion caused by the earthquake of 2011 in the Japanese region of Tohoku was as large or larger than in Concepción (with peak ground accelerations exceeding 2g), but the frequency of building damage was lower.The knowledge to be generated by this investigation will contribute to the safety of urban populations in seismic regions. The investigation will lead to elimination of massive economic and human losses in future earthquakes. In addition, the necessary fieldwork will involve the participation of students in a rich educational and cultural activity. The findings of the investigation will be made available to the public through NEEShub.org, an easily and universally accessible NSF-funded web site dedicated to improving engineering knowhow.