Collaborative Research: Microbial Community Assembly in Coastal Waters of the Western Antarctic Peninsula

合作研究：南极半岛西部沿海水域微生物群落组装

• 批准号: 1141993
• 负责人: Jeremy Rich
• 金额: $ 30.45万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1141993&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Microbial; Community; Assembly

The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) has experienced unprecedented warming and shifts in sea ice cover over the past fifty years. How these changes impact marine microbial communities, and subsequently how these shifts in the biota may affect the carbon cycle in surface waters is unknown. This work will examine how these ecosystem-level changes affect microbial community structure and function. This research will use modern metagenomic and transcriptomic approaches to test the hypothesis that the introduction of organic matter from spring phytoplankton blooms drives turnover in microbial communities. This research will characterize patterns in bacterial and archaeal succession during the transition from the austral winter at two long-term monitoring sites: Palmer Station in the north and Rothera Station in the south. This project will also include microcosm incubations to directly assess the effects of additions of organic carbon and melted sea ice on microbial community structure and function. The results of this work will provide a broader understanding of the roles of both rare and abundant microorganisms in carbon cycling within the WAP region, and how these communities may shift in structure and function in response to climate change. Results will be widely disseminated through publications as well as through presentations at national and international meetings. The research will provide training opportunities for both graduate and undergraduate students and will enhance international collaborations with the British Antarctic Survey.

在过去的50年里，南极西部半岛（WAP）经历了前所未有的变暖和海冰覆盖的变化。这些变化如何影响海洋微生物群落，以及随后生物群的这些变化如何影响表层沃茨的碳循环，目前尚不清楚。这项工作将研究这些生态系统水平的变化如何影响微生物群落结构和功能。这项研究将使用现代宏基因组学和转录组学方法来检验这一假设，即从春季浮游植物水华中引入有机物质会驱动微生物群落的周转。这项研究将在两个长期监测站点（北部的帕尔默站和南部的罗塞拉站）从南方冬季过渡期间表征细菌和古菌演替的模式。该项目还将包括微宇宙孵化，以直接评估有机碳的增加和海冰融化对微生物群落结构和功能的影响。这项工作的结果将提供一个更广泛的了解，在WAP区域内的碳循环中的稀有和丰富的微生物的作用，以及如何这些社区可能会改变结构和功能，以应对气候变化。结果将通过出版物以及国家和国际会议上的演讲广泛传播。该研究将为研究生和本科生提供培训机会，并将加强与英国南极调查局的国际合作。