Modeling Heliophysics and Astrophysics Phenomena with a Multi-Scale Fluid-Kinetic Simulation Suite

部分电离等离子体的流动通常以热离子和非热离子的存在为特征。这发生在外日光层，太阳系之外的星际空间的一部分，其性质由太阳风(Sw)与本地星际介质(LISM)的相互作用决定。要了解这种流动的行为，我们需要研究发生在整个太阳系的各种物理现象。目前的提案解决了星际边界探测器(IBEX)任务探测到的异常强烈的ENA排放这一跨越天空的“丝带”问题。通过使用NCSA的Blue Waters设备的资源对日光层进行建模，可以分析像吉他星云中的那些令人费解的天体物理流动，并将建模与远程观测进行比较。这些问题的数值求解需要应用自适应网格加密(AMR)技术和千万亿级超级计算机。在NSF ITR计划期间开发的代码和NASA的各种项目将用于建模，并与IBEX的观测结果进行比较。

Flows of partially ionized plasma are frequently characterized by the presence of both thermal and nonthermal populations of ions. This occurs, e. g., in the outer heliosphere, the part of interstellar space beyond the solar system whose properties are determined by the solar wind (SW) interaction with the local interstellar medium (LISM). Understanding the behavior of such flows requires us toinvestigate a variety of physical phenomena occurring throughout the solar system. The current proposal addresses the question the sky-spanning "ribbon" of unexpectedly intense emissions of ENAs detected by the Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission. By modeling the heliosphere using the resources of the Blue Waters facility at NCSA its becomes possible to analyze such puzzling astrophysical flows as those in the Guitar nebula, and compare modeling with remote observations. Numerical solution of these problems with the realistic boundary conditions provided by remote and in situ observations of the SW properties, requires the application of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) technologies and petascale supercomputers. Codes developed during the NSF ITR program and various NASA projects will be used for the modeling and compared with observations by IBEX.