Solar Wind-Magnetosphere-Ionosphere Coupling During Northward Interplanetary Magnetic Field: How do Transpolar Arcs Affect the Global Ionospheric Electrodynamics and vice versa?

该项目将研究太阳风条件对孤立的高纬度跨极弧（也称为西塔极光）的影响，并确定与弧有关的电离层中的局部和全球等离子体流。该项目将研究跨极弧的电动力学特性，并将其与相应的国防气象卫星计划（DMSP）F13卫星测量的87个事件相关联。 卫星测量将用于确定：（1）沉淀粒子区域的空间范围，（2）静电势分布，（3）交叉轨迹（向阳/反向阳）电离层水平等离子体流，（4）沉淀离子和电子平均能量和通量，以及（5）场向电流。除了卫星测量外，还将利用超级双极光雷达网的数据来确定与跨极弧有关的电离层对流模式的细节。该项目将研究行星际磁场指向北方期间太阳风、地球磁层和电离层之间的能量耦合。 在向北的IMF期间，极光弧经常形成并将极冠分成两个明显独立的区域。 该项目旨在了解不同区域的电磁耦合的性质以及它们如何演变。

This project will study the influence of solar wind conditions on isolated high-latitude transpolar arcs (also known as theta aurora) and determine the local and global plasma flows in the ionosphere associated with the arcs. The project will examine the electrodynamic characteristics of the transpolar arcs and relate them to the corresponding A total of 87 events where Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F13 satellite has measured precipitating charged particles associated with transpolar arcs. The satellite measurements will be used to determine: (1) the spatial extent of the precipitating particle regions, (2) the electrostatic potential distribution, (3) the cross-track (sunward/antisunward) horizontal ionospheric plasma flow, (4) precipitating ion and electron average energies and fluxes, and (5) field-aligned currents. In addition to the satellite measurements, data from the Super dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) will be used to determine the details of the ionospheric convection pattern associated with the transpolar arcs. This project will examine the energy coupling between the solar wind, Earth's magnetosphere, and the ionosphere during periods when the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) is pointing northward. During northward IMF, auroral arcs often form and divide the polar cap into two apparently separate regions. The project seeks to understand the nature of the electromagnetic coupling of the different regions and how they evolve.