Extraction and Transport to the Magnetosphere of Solar Wind Energy during Periods of Low Mach Number Solar Wind Flow

低马赫数太阳风流期间太阳风能的提取和传输到磁层

• 批准号: 1916604
• 负责人: Ramon Lopez
• 金额: $ 61.15万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Arlington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-15 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1916604&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Extraction; Transport; Magnetosphere; Solar; Wind

Understanding the impacts of space weather, changes in the magnetic plasma environment surrounding the Earth, relies on basic definitions of how we measure extreme conditions. Geomagnetic storms represent the extremes of our local geospace environment and represent times when our national space-based assets (satellites for defense and commerce) are most vulnerable. This work will determine what conditions lead to extreme space weather through use of observational datasets and physics-based models of the space environment. The broader impacts include understanding space weather conditions during extreme conditions (a priority set out in the National Space Weather Action Plan) and training students and a post-doc on research in a Hispanic Serving Institution.This project develops a new classification of geomagnetic storms based on overall storm energetics, with an emphasis on storms with large amounts of power dissipated in the ionosphere where the activity can have significant space weather consequences. A set of events will be selected that will represent the most energetic storms, including "superstorms" that occur under conditions of low Mach number solar wind flow. These events will be studied using both data and simulations (global MHD models run with and without a ring current module) to determine the controlling factors for energy transfer to the geospace system. The goal of this research is to create a comprehensive conceptual model that explains how the solar wind energy incident on the magnetosphere is transferred to the ionosphere and magnetosphere during periods of the relatively low solar wind Mach number that characterize large magnetic storms. The research will also identify to what extent current global models can capture the essential physics of that transfer and identify possible areas of missing physics that could contribute to a better correspondence between models and data.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

要了解空间天气的影响，即地球周围磁等离子体环境的变化，取决于我们如何测量极端条件的基本定义。地磁风暴代表了我们当地地球空间环境的极端情况，并代表了我们的国家天基资产(用于国防和商业的卫星)最脆弱的时期。这项工作将通过使用空间环境的观测数据集和基于物理的模型来确定导致极端空间天气的条件。更广泛的影响包括了解极端条件下的空间气象条件(《国家空间气象行动计划》规定的优先事项)以及在拉美裔服务机构对学生和博士后进行研究方面的培训。该项目根据总体风暴能量学制定了一种新的地磁风暴分类，重点是在活动可能对空间气象产生重大影响的电离层中耗散大量能量的风暴。将选出一组代表能量最大的风暴的事件，包括在低马赫数太阳风流条件下发生的“超级风暴”。这些事件将使用数据和模拟(全球MHD模型在有和没有环电流模块的情况下运行)进行研究，以确定将能量转移到地球空间系统的控制因素。这项研究的目标是建立一个全面的概念模型，解释在太阳风马赫数相对较低的时期，入射到磁层的太阳风能如何转移到电离层和磁层，这是大型磁暴的特征。这项研究还将确定当前的全球模型在多大程度上能够捕捉到这种转移的基本物理，并确定可能遗漏的物理领域，这些领域可能有助于模型和数据之间的更好的对应。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Solar wind magnetosonic mach number as a control variable for energy dissipation during magnetic storms

太阳风磁声马赫数作为磁暴期间能量耗散的控制变量

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2022.960535
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Bagheri, Fatemeh;Lopez, Ramon E.
• 通讯作者: Lopez, Ramon E.

A case study in support of closure of bow shock current through the ionosphere utilizing multi-point observations and simulation

• DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2023.1098388
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 作者: P. Dredger;R. Lopez;M. Hamrin

The effect of F10.7 on interhemispheric differences in ionospheric current during solstices

F10.7 对至日电离层电流半球间差异的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2022.02.006
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Advances in space research
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: James, Tre'Shunda