RAPID: Revolution's Refugees: Displaced Libyans in Tunisia and the Formation of Transnational Amazigh (Berber) Consciousness

快速：革命的难民：突尼斯流离失所的利比亚人以及跨国阿马齐格（柏柏尔）意识的形成

• 批准号: 1148741
• 负责人: Katherine Hoffman
• 金额: $ 2.77万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-15 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1148741&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Revolution; Refugees; Displaced; Libyans

Dr. Katherine E. Hoffman (Northwestern University) will undertake anthropological field research on the role of ethnicity in the integration of populations displaced by political violence into the country of first asylum, and the ways in which transnational ethnic identity may facilitate refugee assimilation in refugee situations. This project considers the effects of the Arab Spring revolutions on minority populations, taking as a case study the Amazigh (Berber) populations of Libya and Tunisia. The urgency associated with this RAPID proposal results from the immediacy of the displacement of the Libyan Berbers and the unknowns about how soon the situation may change. The project focuses on the women and the elderly who are central, albeit overlooked, actors in the construction and maintenance of local and transnational ethnic identities. The informal settlement of Libyan refugees into Tunisia - in rural community-volunteered housing and private Tunisian homes - means that laypeople rather than aid workers are managing much of the integration of this displaced population. Refugees from western Libya and their southern Tunisian hosts are Imazighen (Berbers), speaking the Tamazight language and sharing both customs and longstanding discrimination by their respective states. Whereas scholarship on indigenous people such as North Africa's Imazighen has long focused on their rootedness in ancestral lands, this project asks instead how indigenous groups transform in contexts of displacement. The research will focus on the everyday material and discursive practices in the work and socializing of women and the elderly. Data collection in southern Tunisia will include life histories, participant observation, interviews, and discourse analysis to document over time the shifts in strategies used by refugees to organize their economic and social lives in exile and to mark similarity with and distinctiveness from their hosts. This qualitative study of individuals and families will be complemented by data collection from the UNHCR and relief agencies and will be useful to relief organizations, policymakers, and scholars.

凯瑟琳博士。霍夫曼（西北大学）将进行人类学实地研究，探讨种族在使因政治暴力而流离失所的人口融入第一庇护国方面的作用，以及跨国种族身份如何有助于难民在难民情况下的同化。 该项目以利比亚和突尼斯的阿马齐格人（柏柏尔人）为个案研究，探讨阿拉伯之春革命对少数民族人口的影响。 与这一快速建议有关的紧迫性是由于利比亚柏柏尔人流离失所的紧迫性和不知道局势多久会改变。 该项目的重点是妇女和老年人，他们是建设和维护地方和跨国族裔特性的核心行为者，尽管受到忽视。 利比亚难民进入突尼斯的非正式定居点-在农村社区自愿提供的住房和突尼斯的私人住宅-意味着外行人而不是援助工作者正在管理这些流离失所人口的大部分融合工作。 来自利比亚西部和突尼斯南部的难民是伊马齐格人（柏柏尔人），他们说塔马塞特语，有着共同的习俗和各自国家长期以来的歧视。关于北非的Imazighen等土著人民的学术研究长期以来一直关注他们在祖先土地上的扎根，而本项目则询问土著群体在流离失所的情况下如何转变。 研究将侧重于妇女和老年人工作和社交中的日常材料和话语实践。在突尼斯南部收集的数据将包括生活史、参与者观察、访谈和话语分析，以记录难民在流亡期间组织经济和社会生活所使用的战略的变化，并标记与东道国的相似性和独特性。 这一对个人和家庭的定性研究将辅之以从难民署和救济机构收集的数据，对救济组织、决策者和学者都很有用。