CAREER: Collective Quantum Phenomena of Matter and Light by Design

职业：通过设计实现物质和光的集体量子现象

• 批准号: 1150593
• 负责人: Hui Deng
• 金额: $ 56.3万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-15 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1150593&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Collective; Quantum; Phenomena; Matter

****TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****This program studies novel collective quantum phenomena using a new semiconductor cavity system with strong matter-light couplings. It builds on the recent advancement in both photonic crystals and polaritons - strongly coupled semiconductor exciton-photon modes. The new cavity structure integrates a designable photonic-crystal mirror to enable not only flexible control of the polaritons, but also coherent coupling of multiple polariton systems, thereby opening a new path in polariton research beyond condensation physics. Physics of perplexing collective quantum phenomena will be elucidated by new controls over the quantum gas. Novel quantum phenomena will be sought after by purposeful design of the fundamental properties of the system. Manybody Hamiltonian will be investigated and modeled with coupled-polariton lattices. The research will improve our fundamental understanding of matter-light interactions and collective quantum phenomena, and will provide an experimental platform at the research frontier interfacing cavity-quantum-electrodynamics, manybody physics, and quantum simulation. Public lectures, international summer schools, and K-12 science competitions will be held to disseminate the knowledge and cultivate interest in science.****NON-TECHNICAL ABSTRACT****Quantum mechanics is the language for the microscopic world of single or few particles like photons and atoms. When the number of particles grows large, interactions destroys quantum correlations among the particles and the system enters the classical world. In some special cases, however, quantum correlations survive among a macroscopic number of particles in a macroscopically large system leading to remarkable collective quantum phenomena and their applications. Examples include lasers, superconductors, and Bose-Einstein Condensation of atomic gasses used in precision measurements. This CAREER program will create, control and simulate novel collective quantum phenomena in a uniquely designable and scalable system, on a solid-state platform, with a built-in matter-light interface, at temperatures many orders of magnitude higher than required by, e.g., atomic gases. This will be accomplished by developing a new cavity structure for a matter-light hybrid quantum gas: the semiconductor microcavity polaritons. The research will consist of a synergy of computer-aided design and modeling, nano-fabrication, and advanced spectroscopy and quantum optical measurements. Through the cutting edge research, young scientists will be recruited and trained as the future leaders in science and technology. The knowledge of abstract quantum phenomena and their connection to people's daily lives will be communicated to a broad audience via public lectures and international summer schools. Physics competitions and demos will be organized to cultivate interest in science among K-12 students. The creation of collective quantum phenomena on a technologically practical platform will lay the groundwork for future quantum technologies, such as quantum light sources with ultra-low energy threshold, ultrafast opto-spintronics devices, and quantum simulators.

****技术摘要****这个程序使用具有强物质-光耦合的新型半导体腔系统研究新的集体量子现象。它建立在光子晶体和极化子-强耦合半导体激子-光子模式的最新进展之上。新的腔体结构集成了一个可设计的光子晶体反射镜，不仅可以灵活地控制极化子，而且可以实现多极化子系统的相干耦合，从而开辟了超越凝聚物理的极化子研究的新途径。对量子气体的新控制将阐明令人困惑的集体量子现象的物理学。通过有目的地设计系统的基本特性，将寻求新的量子现象。我们将研究多体哈密顿量，并用耦合极化子晶格进行建模。该研究将提高我们对物质-光相互作用和集体量子现象的基本认识，并将为界面腔-量子电动力学，多体物理和量子模拟的研究前沿提供实验平台。将举办公开讲座、国际暑期学校和K-12科学竞赛，以传播知识和培养对科学的兴趣。****非技术摘要****量子力学是描述单个或少数粒子（如光子和原子）的微观世界的语言。当粒子数量增加时，相互作用破坏了粒子之间的量子相关性，系统进入经典世界。然而，在某些特殊情况下，在宏观大系统中宏观数量的粒子之间存在量子相关性，导致显着的集体量子现象及其应用。例子包括激光、超导体和用于精密测量的玻色-爱因斯坦原子气体凝聚。该CAREER计划将在一个独特的可设计和可扩展的系统中创建、控制和模拟新的集体量子现象，该系统在固态平台上，具有内置的物质-光界面，温度比原子气体等所需的温度高许多个数量级。这将通过开发一种新的物质-光混合量子气体的腔结构来实现：半导体微腔极化子。这项研究将包括计算机辅助设计和建模、纳米制造、先进光谱学和量子光学测量的协同作用。通过最前沿的研究，年轻的科学家将被招募和培养成为未来的科技领袖。抽象量子现象的知识及其与人们日常生活的联系将通过公开讲座和国际暑期学校传播给广大受众。将组织物理竞赛和演示，培养K-12学生的科学兴趣。在技术实用平台上创造集体量子现象，将为未来的量子技术奠定基础，如超低能量阈值量子光源、超快光自旋电子学器件、量子模拟器等。