Embodied Attention: Attentional Guidance by Body Position

体现注意力：通过身体姿势进行注意力引导

• 批准号: 1151209
• 负责人: Shaun Vecera
• 金额: $ 45.26万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-01 至 2016-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1151209&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Embodied; Attention; Attentional; Guidance; Body

Finding the ketchup in the refrigerator is an everyday activity that requires the use of visual attention. When faced with a cluttered visual environment (the refrigerator), the human visual system can isolate a single, behaviorally relevant item (the ketchup). Visual attention reduces the complexity of the visual world, enabling us to successfully navigate and function without being overwhelmed with the sheer amount of visual information. But how does attention know what to select? Some theoretical accounts propose that attention is directed toward salient (conspicuous) objects, whereas other accounts state that attention is directed toward goal-relevant objects. One limitation of both of these accounts is that they fail to acknowledge that attention is typically used in conjunction with action, which involves coordinating your body with objects in the environment. The goal of this research project is to understand how the body and its position (such as an outstretched arm reaching into the refrigerator) controls visual attention. The research team will investigate this notion of 'embodied attention' using both behavioral and brain imaging (event-related potential) methods.Research on embodied attention is important in providing a fuller account of how the mind and body interact to function successfully in the world. The research also offers the possibility to improve the lives of older adults and those with neuropsychological deficits, because these people often have impairments in both motor function and the use of attention. It may be that understanding the connection between body position and attention will lead to treatments that increase the ability of these target populations to function in the world.

在冰箱里找到番茄酱是一项日常活动，需要使用视觉注意力。 当面对一个杂乱的视觉环境（冰箱）时，人类视觉系统可以隔离出一个单一的、与行为相关的物品（番茄酱）。 视觉注意力降低了视觉世界的复杂性，使我们能够成功地导航和运作，而不会被大量的视觉信息所淹没。 但是注意力如何知道该选择什么呢？ 一些理论解释认为注意力是指向显著的（显眼的）物体，而另一些解释则认为注意力是指向与目标相关的物体。 这两种解释的一个局限性是，它们没有承认注意力通常与行动结合使用，这涉及到协调你的身体与环境中的物体。 这个研究项目的目标是了解身体及其位置（例如伸出手臂伸入冰箱）如何控制视觉注意力。 研究小组将使用行为和脑成像（事件相关电位）方法来研究“具身注意力”的概念。对具身注意力的研究对于更全面地解释身心如何相互作用以在世界上成功地发挥作用非常重要。这项研究还提供了改善老年人和神经心理缺陷者生活的可能性，因为这些人通常在运动功能和注意力的使用方面都有障碍。了解身体位置和注意力之间的联系可能会导致治疗方法，提高这些目标人群在世界上发挥作用的能力。