EAGER: Centralized Control of Large-Scale Distributed Sensor/Actuator Networks: Self-organizing Amorphous Facades

EAGER：大规模分布式传感器/执行器网络的集中控制：自组织非晶立面

• 批准号: 1153158
• 负责人: Nicolaus Correll
• 金额: $ 12万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-03-15 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1153158&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Centralized; Control; Large; Scale

This project, investigating active building facades that proactively contribute to energy conservation by changing their opacity and air permeability as a function of environmental and user parameters, promises to contribute strongly to both the cyber and physical sciences. Often energy is wasted when parts of a building are heated or cooled, but are not actually used, or when they are actively cooled if simply opening a window would suffice. The proposed "Self-Organizing Amorphous Facades" (SOAF) consist of a large number of identical cells that can each change their opacity and air permeability, sense light, temperature, and occupancy, and communicate with each other in a distributed collective. For complex cyber physical systems, this promises to provide a novel design methodology that is potentially applicable to a large class of systems and, therefore, will result in foundational knowledge of use to the community at large. This high-risk, high-reward project integrates ideas from computer science and engineering, with a little human physiology and environmental science thrown in, to develop new theoretical foundations for the design, validation, and improvement of coordination strategies for multi-agent robotic systems.The project's intellectual merit lies in novel algorithms that allow one to take advantage of distributed computation to drastically reduce the dimensionality of the data coming from the system, and novel algorithms that turn low-dimensional control data to the system into high-dimensional control signals. In particular, this research focuses on distributed algorithms that can identify regions that share similar spatio-temporal data, distributed algorithms that recognize patterns and gestures in spatio-temporal data sets, and distributed algorithms that automatically derive distributed policies for global control signals on temperature and light.Broader Impacts: The direct impact of this project will be huge potential reduction in the energy footprint of modern buildings by active lighting and ventilation control. A related impact is the introduction of novel ways of using space using truly reconfigurable walls. Due to its interdisciplinary nature spanning computer science and civil engineering together with its positive environment implications, this project is likely to be attractive to students with a broad range of backgrounds and interests. It will lead to educational modules that let students explore energy, heat transfer and solar gains in a building using sensors, wireless technologies, and algorithms, and introduce students to the challenges of complex cyber-physical systems. The PI proposes outreach to women and minorities and suggests a novel mechanism of comic distribution via HowToons.com that will make technical results and environmental impact of CPS accessible to a wide audience.

该项目研究了主动建筑立面，通过改变其不透明度和透气性作为环境和用户参数的函数，积极地为节能做出贡献，承诺为网络和物理科学做出巨大贡献。通常，当建筑物的某些部分被加热或冷却，但实际上没有被使用，或者当它们被主动冷却时，只要打开一扇窗户就足够了，能源就被浪费了。提出的“自组织无定形立面”（SOAF）由大量相同的单元组成，每个单元可以改变其不透明度和透气性，感知光、温度和占用，并在分布式集体中相互通信。对于复杂的网络物理系统，这有望提供一种新的设计方法，这种方法可能适用于大型系统，因此，将为整个社区提供基础知识。这个高风险、高回报的项目整合了计算机科学和工程学的思想，并融入了一点人类生理学和环境科学，为多智能体机器人系统协调策略的设计、验证和改进开发新的理论基础。该项目的智力优势在于新颖的算法，它允许人们利用分布式计算来大幅降低来自系统的数据的维数，并且新颖的算法将系统的低维控制数据转换为高维控制信号。本研究特别关注能够识别共享相似时空数据的区域的分布式算法，识别时空数据集中的模式和手势的分布式算法，以及自动导出温度和光线全局控制信号的分布式策略的分布式算法。更广泛的影响：该项目的直接影响将是通过主动照明和通风控制，大大减少现代建筑的能源足迹。一个相关的影响是引入了使用真正可重构墙壁的新颖空间方式。由于其跨学科的性质，包括计算机科学和土木工程，以及它对环境的积极影响，这个项目可能会吸引具有广泛背景和兴趣的学生。它将引导教育模块，让学生利用传感器、无线技术和算法探索建筑中的能源、热传递和太阳能增益，并向学生介绍复杂网络物理系统的挑战。PI建议向妇女和少数民族伸出援助之手，并建议通过HowToons.com建立一种新的漫画发行机制，使CPS的技术成果和环境影响能够被广泛的受众所了解。