Doctoral Disseration Research: Chronically Normal: Reshaping Everyday Life through Type-2 Diabetes

博士论文研究：长期正常：通过 2 型糖尿病重塑日常生活

• 批准号: 1155810
• 负责人: Matthew Wolf-Meyer
• 金额: $ 0.92万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Cruz
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2013-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1155810&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Disseration; Research; Chronically; Normal

Doctoral Dissertation Research: Chronically Normal: How Biomedical Knowledge is Used in Everyday LifeThis project investigates how people create new kinds of health knowledges and identities as a result of living with type-2 diabetes. This illness is often attributed to combinations of social, environmental, biological, and political causes that are often deeply intertwined with conceptions of individual and group identity. Understanding how people come to treat illness such as type-2 diabetes as normal is important because worldwide, chronic disease conditions, such as cancer, heart disease, obesity, depression, and asthma are prevalent. Intergovernmental organizations as well as local and national public health organizations across the world are scrambling to stem the tide, yet interventions often draw on either individual or community-level interventions, which do not take into account the meanings that people with chronic illness attribute to these diseases, nor integrate individual and larger-scale attributions of causality. By studying everyday settings, such as at support groups and free health screenings, or watching public service announcements, this research investigates how illness binds people together who would otherwise be strangers. In these social interactions, chronic illness sufferers produce new kinds of knowledge -both about their illnesses and about their identities- as well as develop sociality based around illness. In doing so, they form what can be called a chronic public. The theoretical significance of this project is that it integrates medical anthropology, science and technology studies, and cultural anthropology to analyze how people make sense of biomedical knowledge about chronic illnesses in everyday life in the United States. In contrast to studies of illness and biomedicine that focus on intense moments of individual decision-making in clinic settings to discover how people take on illness identities, this research examines how social ties, expert and non-expert knowledge, and material culture mediate and shape illness identities among the ill, the non- and pre-ill. Moreover, it contributes to theories about how micro- and macro-level social processes coexist and are refashioned through everyday life.

博士论文研究：慢性正常：如何在日常生活中使用生物医学知识这个项目调查了人们如何创造新的健康知识和身份作为生活与2型糖尿病的结果。 这种疾病通常归因于社会，环境，生物和政治原因的组合，这些原因往往与个人和群体身份的概念深深交织在一起。了解人们如何将2型糖尿病等疾病视为正常是很重要的，因为在世界范围内，癌症，心脏病，肥胖，抑郁症和哮喘等慢性疾病很普遍。世界各地的政府间组织以及地方和国家公共卫生组织都在争先恐后地阻止这一趋势，但干预措施往往依靠个人或社区一级的干预措施，而这些干预措施没有考虑到慢性病患者对这些疾病的看法，也没有将个人和更大规模的因果关系归因于一体。通过研究日常环境，例如支持小组和免费健康检查，或观看公共服务公告，这项研究调查了疾病如何将原本是陌生人的人们联系在一起。在这些社会互动中，慢性病患者产生了新的知识--关于他们的疾病和他们的身份--并发展了基于疾病的社会性。在这样做的过程中，他们形成了所谓的慢性公众。该项目的理论意义在于，它整合了医学人类学、科学技术研究和文化人类学，分析了美国人如何在日常生活中理解有关慢性病的生物医学知识。与疾病和生物医学的研究，专注于在临床环境中的个人决策的激烈时刻，以发现人们如何采取对疾病的身份，本研究探讨如何社会关系，专家和非专家的知识，以及物质文化调解和塑造疾病的身份之间的疾病，非和患病前。此外，它有助于理论关于微观和宏观层面的社会进程如何共存，并通过日常生活改造。