GOALI : 21st century Pd-based three-way catalysts: Controlling structure-activity relationships through the understanding of aging dynamics and in-situ regeneration

目标：21世纪钯基三效催化剂：通过了解老化动力学和原位再生来控制结构-活性关系

• 批准号: 1159279
• 负责人: Johannes Schwank
• 金额: $ 32万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1159279&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; 21st; century; Pd; based

Abstract#1159279Schwank, JohannesIt is well-known that catalytic emission control strategies for vehicles exact a toll on vehicle fuel economy. With the requirements to drastically increase the corporate average fuel economy, such fuel economy penalties will no longer be acceptable, and a new approach to gasoline vehicle emission control catalysis is needed. This GOALI proposal brings together a team of researchers from academia and industry in a quest to arrive at a detailed understanding how new fuel economy-enabling powertrain technologies such as gasoline-electric hybrids, engine start-stop features, down-sized turbocharged engines with direct injection, and use of reformulated gasoline or E-85 impacts the function and deactivation modes of existing three-way Pd catalyst materials. The proposal will also address methods for curtailing and, ideally even reversing catalyst deactivation on the vehicle during actual operation. Traditionally, catalyst deactivation has only been looked at from a post mortem perspective. There is a dearth of investigations of the time-dependent changes occurring in emission control catalysts when exposed to emissions from engines operating under various exhaust gas environments and temperature regimes. Professor Johannes Schwank, Adjunct Professor Galen Fisher, and Dr. Xiaoyin Chen at the University of Michigan will closely collaborate with Dr. Robert McCabe at Ford Motor Company to utilize sophisticated probe reaction analysis and characterization techniques to elucidate the complete evolution of the Pd catalyst from its initial to final states, with the goal of identifying opportunities to modify the engine operation in ways that either mitigate catalyst deactivation or reverse deactivation processes. The hypothesis is that different aging protocols lead to different outcomes in catalyst structure and performance. This hypothesis will be tested by a comprehensive catalyst characterization effort at different stages of aging. In terms of broader impact, this research will aid the design of future automotive emission control technologies, while also improving the performance and durability of existing automotive exhaust catalyst technologies. The results will assist in developing methods to track the aging process on the vehicle and either avoid severe aging modes or actively intervene at various points to preserve or regenerate the catalyst. Given the close proximity of the two institutions, the project will provide opportunities for Ford researchers to participate in experiments at UM, and UM faculty and students to experience working in an industrial research laboratory at Ford, thereby giving the students an educational experience that goes beyond typical academic settings.

众所周知，用于车辆的催化排放控制策略对车辆燃料经济性造成损失。 随着对大幅提高公司平均燃料经济性的要求，这种燃料经济性惩罚将不再是可接受的，并且需要一种新的汽油车辆排放控制催化方法。该GOALI提案汇集了来自学术界和工业界的研究人员团队，旨在详细了解新的燃油经济性动力系统技术，如汽油-电动混合动力车，发动机启停功能，直接喷射的小型涡轮增压发动机，以及使用新配方汽油或E-85影响现有三元Pd催化剂材料的功能和失活模式。该提案还将提出在实际运行期间减少甚至逆转车辆上催化剂失活的方法。传统上，催化剂失活仅从事后的角度来看。当暴露于来自在各种排气环境和温度状态下操作的发动机的排放物时，在排放控制催化剂中发生的时间依赖性变化的研究缺乏。密歇根大学的Johannes Schwank教授、Galen Fisher兼职教授和Xiaoyin Chen博士将与福特汽车公司的Robert McCabe博士密切合作，利用先进的探针反应分析和表征技术阐明Pd催化剂从初始状态到最终状态的完整演变过程，其目的是确定以减轻催化剂失活或逆转失活过程的方式改变发动机操作的机会。假设是不同的老化方案导致催化剂结构和性能的不同结果。这一假设将通过在不同老化阶段进行全面的催化剂表征来测试。就更广泛的影响而言，这项研究将有助于未来汽车排放控制技术的设计，同时也提高了现有汽车尾气催化剂技术的性能和耐用性。研究结果将有助于开发跟踪车辆老化过程的方法，避免严重的老化模式，或者在各个点进行积极干预，以保护或再生催化剂。鉴于这两个机构的紧密联系，该项目将为福特的研究人员提供机会，参加在UM的实验，和UM教师和学生的经验，在福特的工业研究实验室工作，从而给学生的教育经验，超越了典型的学术环境。