Collaborative Research: Inter-Industry Differences in the Antecedents and Consequences of Industrial Scientists Mobility and Entrepreneurship Decisions

合作研究：工业科学家流动和创业决策的前因后果的行业间差异

• 批准号: 1160420
• 负责人: Rajshree Agarwal-Tronetti
• 金额: $ 37.07万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-15 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1160420&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Inter; Industry; Differences

This research examines inter-industry differences in the antecedents and consequences of industrial scientists' mobility and entrepreneurship decisions. Three questions are analyzed 1) Why do some high technology industries have higher rates of scientist mobility and entrepreneurship than others? 2) What are the innovation diffusion patterns across high technology industries due to mobility and entrepreneurial entry of scientific personnel? 3) How do industry characteristics interact with firm and individual attributes to impact employment growth of new ventures created by industrial scientists? The project centers on the role of complementary assets and posits that inter-industry differences in their importance play a critical role in explaining industry heterogeneity in the rates and outcomes of industrial scientist mobility and entrepreneurship decisions and thus serve as the theoretical underpinnings for all three research questions. A particular focus is on inter-industry differences in the importance and transportability of complementary non-human assets, how they shape the career decisions of individual scientists, and how they affect both the levels of scientist mobility and entrepreneurship within industries and the direction of scientist mobility and entrepreneurship that occurs across industry boundaries. The empirical analysis of the data focuses on scientists working in high-tech industry settings tracks scientists? entrepreneurship and mobility within and between these high-tech sectors.Intellectual Merit: In contrast to most of the prior literature that studied the antecedents and consequences of the career choices of scientists at the firm level and within a single industry context, this research examines the questions by focusing on individual level decisions in a broad cross-industry setting. This thus examines multiple important gaps that are of interest to both policy makers and academics. In particular, by building the micro-foundations of the knowledge diffusion process at the individual scientist unit of analysis, it helps to build a systematic understanding of inter-industry differences in industrial scientist mobility and entrepreneurship in high tech industries. Understanding industry heterogeneity in the antecedents and consequences of the career choices of industrial scientists is particularly important in the context of understanding and promoting industry renewal as scientists are likely to play a key role in the creation and commercialization of new technologies which can have important growth effects at the firm-, industry-, and regional-level.Broader Impacts: The study informs science and innovation policy makers about what industry conditions are most conducive to employment growth via entrepreneurship by scientific personnel. In addition, it examines the results of incentivizing a potentially crucial but heretofore under-examined source of high tech entrepreneurship: scientists employed outside of the focal industry. The results may also inform scientists' career decisions about industry-level factors that may facilitate or create impediments to successful start-up entry and subsequent growth.

这项研究研究了工业科学家的流动性和企业家决策的前因和后果的行业间差异。分析了三个问题1）为什么某些高科技行业比其他高级行业的科学家机动性和创业率更高？ 2）由于流动性和科学人员的企业家进入，高科技行业的创新扩散模式是什么？ 3）行业特征如何与企业和个人属性相互作用，以影响工业科学家创造的新企业的就业增长？该项目集中在互补资产的作用上，并认为其重要性之间的独立差异在解释工业科学家流动性和企业家决策的速度和成果方面的行业异质性方面起着关键作用，因此作为所有三个研究问题的理论基础。一个特殊的重点是在行业间互补的非人类资产的重要性和运输能力上存在差异，它们如何塑造个人科学家的职业决策，以及它们如何影响行业内部的科学家流动性和企业家的水平以及科学家流动性和企业家的方向，这些行业和企业家跨越行业边界。对数据的经验分析重点是在高科技行业环境中工作的科学家跟踪科学家？这些高科技领域内部和之间的企业家精神和流动性。智能优点：与大多数先前研究的先前文献相比，研究了科学家在公司层面和单个行业环境中的职业选择和后果，这项研究通过在广泛的交叉跨界设置中专注于个人级别的决策来研究这些问题。因此，这研究了政策制定者和学者都有的多个重要差距。特别是，通过在个别科学家分析单位的知识扩散过程的微观基础上，它有助于建立对高科技行业工业科学家流动性和企业家精神的行业间差异的系统理解。在理解和促进行业更新的背景下，了解工业科学家职业选择的行业和后果的理解异质性在新技术的创建和商业化中可能起关键作用，这些技术可能会在公司的创建和商业化中发挥关键作用，这些新技术可以在公司，行业和部门级别的情况下对企业的构成依据。科学人员的企业家精神。此外，它研究了激励潜在的至关重要但迄今为止不足以进行的高科技企业家精神来源的结果：科学家在重点行业之外受雇。结果还可以为科学家的职业决定提供有关行业级别因素的职业决定，这些因素可能有助于或妨碍成功的启动进入和随后的增长。