NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology FY 2012

2012 财年 NSF 生物学博士后奖学金

基本信息

批准号：
1202886
负责人：
Charles Williams
金额：
$ 12.3万
依托单位：
Williams Charles D
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Fellowship Award
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-11-01 至 2014-10-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1202886&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship Biology FY

项目摘要

Spotting paths and planning maneuvers: How birds fly through a complex cluttered worldFlying animals regularly navigate through forests, urban settings, and other very complex environments at high speeds. These flights require, 1) rapid visual recognition of the surrounding environment, 2) quick and accurate planning of unobstructed paths, and 3) accurate maneuvers. These three behaviors are interdependent: vision informs path planning which defines the maneuvers to be performed whose execution presents a new scene. Despite a long history of work seeking to understand how birds process visual information, plan paths, and the aerodynamics of their maneuvers, little work has explored how these aspects work together in the real world. This work is investigating the feedback between vision, path planning, and aerodynamic maneuvering in the real world. The fellow is developing instrumentation which pigeons (Columba livia) can carry in backpack-harnesses during free flight. This instrumentation, consisting of video devices and inertial sensors (IMUs), will allow researchers to record wing kinematic data, visual environment data, and flight paths over long outdoor flights through natural environments. As part of this work, the fellow will offer lectures on recent advances to high school biology teachers through Harvard Life Sciences? Outreach Program, and develop exhibit material for the Harvard Museum of Natural History focusing on the mechanisms required for successful biological flight. Additionally, increased understanding of these natural processes will inform future engineering efforts to produce fully or partially autonomous micro aerial vehicles.

发现路径和计划演习：鸟类如何在高速的森林，城市环境和其他非常复杂的环境中经常在复杂的杂乱无章的世界中飞行。这些飞行需要1）对周围环境的快速视觉识别，2）快速准确地计划未打开的路径，3）准确的操作。这三种行为是相互依存的：视觉信息通知路径计划，该计划定义了要执行的执行的操作，其执行呈现了一个新场景。尽管工作的历史悠久，他们试图了解鸟类如何处理视觉信息，计划路径和动作的空气动力学，但很少的工作探讨了这些方面在现实世界中如何共同运作的方式。这项工作正在研究现实世界中的愿景，路径计划和空气动力学操纵之间的反馈。该研究员正在开发仪器（哥伦巴宫）在自由飞行过程中可以携带背包刺激性的仪器。该仪器由视频设备和惯性传感器（IMU）组成，将使研究人员能够在长期通过自然环境的户外飞行中记录机翼运动学数据，视觉环境数据和飞行路径。作为这项工作的一部分，该研究员将通过哈佛生命科学为高中生物学老师提供有关最新进展的讲座吗？外展计划，并为哈佛大学自然历史博物馆开发展览材料，重点是成功的生物飞行所需的机制。此外，对这些自然过程的了解将为未来的工程努力提供全面或部分自动的微型航空车的努力。