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Doctoral Dissertation Research: A Political Ecology of Waste Management in India

博士论文研究：印度废物管理的政治生态

基本信息

批准号：
1202985
负责人：
Erica Schoenberger
金额：
$ 1.2万
依托单位：
Johns Hopkins University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2012
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2012-07-01 至 2013-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1202985&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Political Ecology

项目摘要

Discourses and practices of development consistently have held that urbanization is the key to progress. But urbanization also brings a set of problems, two of which are an informal sector that perpetually escapes the purview of the state and mounting piles of unmanaged and oft-times unmanageable garbage. At the intersection of these two problems are waste-pickers, individuals who informally manage the city's garbage. In the city of Delhi, India, the waste-pickers livelihoods are threatened as the city of Delhi privatizes its waste management services in its aspirations to be become a "world-class" and "global" city. This doctoral dissertation research project seeks answers to the following broad question: How can the problem of dealing with garbage tell us about relations within and between classes, the state and private capital in the process of urbanization in Delhi? More specifically, the doctoral student will pursue the following questions: (1) How has the state treated garbage and waste-pickers as objects of urban planning? (2) What information about the urbanizing process is provided from an examination of the tactics and strategies of private waste firms? (3) How have middle- and upper-class desires for a particular kind of urban modernity been enacted through the management of garbage? (4) How are informal sector waste-pickers organizing and contesting the discourses and practices of city-making? Drawing upon existing work in urban metabolism, the role of class relations in shaping urban spaces, the place of the informal sector in the urban economy, urban infrastructure privatization, and the growth of the waste management industry, the student will seek connections among these research areas by examining the different facets of the urban waste management problem in developing countries. The student will use semi-structured interviews with government officials, non-governmental organization, and development agency personnel and waste-firm managers; participant observation at six Resident Welfare Association (RWA) meetings, a waste picker organization (Safai Sena), and a waste firm; and household surveys in six neighborhoods where participant observation at RWA meetings will be conducted.This project will provide alternatives and guidance for municipal managers to develop policy solutions that are more just and inclusive for some of the city's most vulnerable populations by pointing out the distributional impacts of waste management program implementations. From a theoretical perspective, the project will contribute to the growing literature in urban political ecology; draw attention to garbage as a unique form of a common pool resource; contribute to the debates on the relationship between waste and value from a political economy perspective; and pose new questions for studying agglomeration economies and diseconomies. As a Doctoral Dissertation Research Improvement award, this award also will provide support to enable a promising student to establish a strong independent research career.

关于发展的论述和实践一贯认为，城市化是进步的关键。但城市化也带来了一系列问题，其中两个问题是永久脱离国家管辖的非正规部门，以及越来越多的无人管理、往往无法管理的垃圾。在这两个问题的交叉点是拾荒者，他们非正式地管理城市的垃圾。在印度德里市，由于德里市为了成为“世界级”和“全球”城市而将废物管理服务私有化，拾荒者的生计受到威胁。这个博士论文的研究项目旨在回答以下广泛的问题：如何处理垃圾的问题告诉我们有关内部和阶级之间的关系，国家和私人资本在德里城市化的过程中？更具体地说，博士生将追求以下问题：（1）国家如何处理垃圾和拾荒者作为城市规划的对象？ (2)通过对私营废物处理公司的策略和战略的审查，可以提供哪些关于城市化进程的信息？ (3)中产阶级和上层阶级对一种特殊的城市现代化的渴望是如何通过垃圾管理实现的？ (4)非正规部门的拾荒者是如何组织和竞争城市建设的话语和实践的？利用现有的工作在城市新陈代谢，阶级关系在塑造城市空间的作用，在城市经济中的非正规部门的地方，城市基础设施的私有化，以及废物管理行业的增长，学生将寻求这些研究领域之间的联系，通过检查在发展中国家的城市废物管理问题的不同方面。学生将使用半结构化的采访与政府官员，非政府组织，和发展机构的人员和废物公司的经理;参与观察六个居民福利协会（RWA）会议，废物采摘组织”（《易经》）和《易经》。在六个社区进行家庭调查，在RWA会议上进行参与者观察。该项目将提供替代方案和指导，城市管理者通过指出废物管理方案实施的分布影响，制定对城市一些最脆弱人群更公正和包容的政策解决方案。从理论的角度来看，该项目将有助于在城市政治生态学越来越多的文献;提请注意垃圾作为一种独特的形式，一个共同的池资源;有助于从政治经济学的角度对浪费和价值之间的关系的辩论;并提出新的问题，研究聚集经济和不经济。作为博士论文研究改进奖，该奖项还将提供支持，使有前途的学生建立一个强大的独立的研究生涯。